FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPTER 45

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPTER 45

EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

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-Guarantee passing score -46 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are synthesized in the

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hypothalamus.Question 2: Testosterone is an example of a chemical signal that affects the very cells that synthesize it, the neighboring cells in the testis, along with distant cells outside the gonads.Thus, testosterone is an example of

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an autocrine signal, a paracrine signal, and an endocrine signal.

Question 3: The hypothalamus

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includes neuronal cells that terminate in the posterior pituitary.

Question 4: A chemical signal that has both endocrine and neural roles is

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epinephrine.

Question 5: Testosterone is an example of

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an androgen.

Question 6: All hormones

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are carried to target cells in the blood.

Question 7: Portal blood vessels connect two capillary beds found in the

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hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.

Question 8: Insect hormones and their receptors

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are a focus in pest-control research.Question 9: During mammalian labor and delivery, the contraction of uterine muscles is enhanced by oxytocin. This is an example of

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a hormone that is involved in a positive feedback loop.

Question 10: Estradiol is an example of

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an estrogen.Question 11: A cell with membrane-bound proteins that selectively bind a specific hormone is called that hormone's

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target cell.Question 12: The interrelationships between the endocrine and the nervous systems are especially apparent in

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a neurosecretory cell in the hypothalamus.

Question 13: Iodine is added to table salt to help prevent deficiencies of an essential mineral needed for the proper function of the

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thyroid glands.Question 14: The body's reaction to PTH (parathyroid hormone), an increase in plasma levels of calcium, can be opposed by

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calcitonin.

Question 15: Fight-or-flight reactions include activation of

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the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine.

Question 16: How do nonsteroid hormones differ from steroid hormones?

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nonsteroid hormones act via signal transduction pathways; steroid hormones do not act via signal transduction pathways Question 17: Oxytocin secretion and milk release from the mammary glands of lactating female mammals are initiated by _____.

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he physical sensation of the baby sucking at the nipple Question 18: True or false? Lipid-insoluble hormones affect their target cells by binding to receptors inside the cell.

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False Question 19: After eating a carbohydrate-rich meal, the mammalian pancreas increases its secretion of

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insulin.

Question 20: During short-term starvation, most available fuel molecules are catabolized to provide energy for metabolism rather than being used as building blocks for growth and repair, a trade-off that is hormonally regulated by

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glucagon.Question 21: The autonomic nervous system includes an endocrine gland known as the

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adrenal medulla.

Question 22: Steroid hormone-receptor complexes act in _____.

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the nucleus Question 23: Which category of signal exerts its effects on target cells by binding to membrane-bound receptor proteins?

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neurohormones

Question 24: Endocrine glands that are sources of steroid hormones

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have a very short latency between steroid synthesis and steroid release.Question 25: The reason that the steroid hormone aldosterone affects only a small number of cells in the body is that

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only its target cells contain aldosterone receptors.

Question 26: Which of these is a nonsteroid hormone?

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epinephrine and oxytocin

Question 27: A paracrine signal that relaxes smooth muscle cells is

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nitric oxide.