FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPTER

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPTER

14-15 AP BIO EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -27 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Complete dominance

Answer:

The phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are INDISTINGUISHABLE.

Question 2: cystic fibrosis

Answer:

primarily whites of European descent; strikes 1 in 2500 births (1 in 25 whites is a carrier); normal allele codes for a membrane protein that transports CI- across cell membrane; **Defective/absent channels cause high extracellular levels of CI-;

Question 3: carriers

Answer:

An individual who has one normal allele and one potentially harmful one.Question 4: a)How did Mendel explain the P, F1, F2 pattern which he consistently observed in his monohybrid crosses?

Answer:

1a) Alternative versions of genes (different alleles) account for variations in inherited characters.

Question 5: pedigree

Answer:

A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.

Question 6: self-fertilization

Answer:

Pollen from stamens land on the carpel of the same flower.

Question 7: Genotype

Answer:

An organism's genetic make up.

Question 8: Homozygous

Answer:

An organism having a pair of identical alleles for a character (ex: PP, pp)

Question 9: Phenotype

Answer:

An organism's appearance.

Question 10: tay-sachs

Answer:

Primarily Jews of eastern european descent and cajuns; strikes 1 in 3600 births; nonfunctional enzyme fails to breakdown lipids in brain cells

Question 11: Test Cross

Answer:

Breeding of a recessive homozygote w/ an organism of dominant phenotype, but unknown genotype.

Question 12: Heterozygous

Answer:

Organisms having two different alleles for a gene. (ex: Pp)

Question 13: character

Answer:

Heritable feature. Each variant for a character is called a trait.

Question 14: pleiotropy

Answer:

ability of a gene to affect an organism in many ways.

Question 15: quantitative characters

Answer:

A heritable feature (ex: human skin color, height) in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of 2 or more genes (polygenic inheritance).

Question 16: hybridization

Answer:

mating/crossing of two varieties.

Question 17: Codominance

Answer:

Both alleles are separately manifest (apparent) in the phenotype.

Question 18: Incomplete dominance

Answer:

F1 hybrids have an appearance somewhere in between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties.

(Heterozygous has separate phenotype, ex: pink flower)

Question 19: Norm of reaction

Answer:

Phenotypic range for a genotype (ex: some flowers' color depends on acidity of the soil)

Question 20: Law of Independent Assortment

Answer:

Independent segregation of each pair of alleles during gamete formation. (Ex: Pp separates into P, p)

Question 21: cross-pollination

Answer:

Fertililzation between different plants.

Question 22: epistasis

Answer:

A condition where a gene at one locus alters the phenotype expression of a gene at a second locus (Bbcc = white because it's recessive for [c]olor, so Bb/bb does not matter).

Question 23: recessive diseases

Answer:

recessive because the allele codes for either a malfunctioning protein or no protein at all.

Question 24: ***

Answer:

4a) The two alleles for each character segregate during gamete production. (You only pass one allele 'letter' down to your children) "Law of Segregation"

Question 25: mono-hybrid cross

Answer:

A cross that tracks the inheritance of a single character (ex: only flower color)

Question 26: multifactorial

Answer:

Both genetic and environment influence phenotype.Question 27: b) 3 important points about dominance/ recessiveness relationships:

Answer:

1b) They range from complete dominance, through various degrees of incomplete dominance, to codominance.