FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT SYSTEMATICS

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT SYSTEMATICS

LECTURE2 EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -90 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: "the smallest diagnosable cluster of

individual organisms within which there is a parental pattern of ancestry and descent" (Cracraft 1983)

Answer:

Phylogenetic Species

Question 2: reproductive barriers are categorized as (2)

Answer:

• prezygotic
• postzygotic.

Question 3: New species formed in sympatric speciation are called ____, in

that their cells have more than two complete sets of chromosomes.

Answer:

polyploid

Question 4: Mechanisms of Speciation (2)

Answer:

Allopatric and Sympatric speciation

Question 5: uses molecular markers - usually DNA

sequences - to identify closely related taxa.? It is e.g. the standard species concept in bacteria, but has been tested also for eukaryotic taxa (Leliaert et al. 2009)

Answer:

Phylogenetic species concept

Question 6: How does plant systematics relate to conservation biology? (4)

Answer:

• taxon diagnosis.
• floristic surveys,
• evaluation of taxon rarity
• use of phylogenetic information

in evaluating conservation decisions.

Question 7: allowing mating

(equivalent to pollination in seed plants), but not zygote formation

Answer:

Post-mating

Question 8: How does a new species emerge?

Answer:

New species evolve from preexisting species

? Speciation process:

-Cladogenetic -Reticulate -Phyletic

Question 9: defines a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring( offspring that themselves can reproduce).

Answer:

Biological Species

Question 10: Molecular incompatibility of eggs and sperm or pollen and stigma

Answer:

Gametic Isolation

Question 11: in relation to plants was first used by Magnol

(1689).

? represents a more natural and real grouping.

Answer:

FAMILY

Question 12: there are some pairs of clearly distinct species that do occasionally interbreed.The resulting offspring are called?

Answer:

Hybrids

Question 13: the fundamental category of the taxonomic hierarchy.

lowest unit of biological classification and the building blocks of classification

Answer:

SPECIES

Question 14: When can we say speciation happens?

Answer:

-When two populations of one species become sufficiently different so they are no longer the same species -The divergence of an ancestral species into 2 or more daughter species requires genetic change among population.

Question 15: the branch of biology dealing

with the preservation of biodiversity

Answer:

Conservation biology

Question 16: hybrids develop to adulthood but are sterile or have

reduced fertility; hybrids are vigorous but cannot produce viable offspring

Answer:

Hybrid Sterility Question 17: new species originate from a splitting event in which each branch is a species.

Answer:

Cladogenetic Speciation

Question 18: Physical incompatibility of reproductive parts

Answer:

Mechanical Isolation

Question 19: partial overlapping of 2 allopatric areas

Answer:

Parapatry Question 20: thus, members of a ______ species are united by being reproductively compatible, at lerast potentially.

Answer:

Biological Species

Question 21: similar to the "plesiospecies" of Olmstead 1995) may

represent temporarily separate lineage segments that have diverged relative to one anothe

Answer:

Paraphyletic species

Question 22: is an integrative discipline

and encompassesthe fields ofsystematics, ecology, geography, geology, and geochemistry.

Answer:

. Conservation biology