FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 5 EXAM

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 5 EXAM

QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -22 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Law of Segregation

Answer:

Mendel's first law, stating that the two alleles in a pair segregate (separate from each other) into different gametes during gamete formation

Question 2: Sex-Linked Trait

Answer:

Sex linked is a trait in which a gene is located on sex chromosome. In humans, the term generally refers to traits that are influenced by genes on the X chromosome.

Question 3: Chromatid

Answer:

One of two identical chromosomal strands into which a chromosome splits longitudinally preparatory to cell division

Question 4: Diploid (2n)

Answer:

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent.

Question 5: Genotype

Answer:

The genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism.

Question 6: Daughter Cell

Answer:

Either of the two cell formed when a cell undergoes cell division by mitosis. Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell because they contain the same number and type of chromosomes.

Question 7: Fertilization

Answer:

The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.

Question 8: Zygote

Answer:

The diploid cell produced by the union of haploid gametes during fertilization; a fertilized egg

Question 9: Law of Independent Assortment

Answer:

Mendel's second law-each pair of alleles segregates/assorts independently of each other pair during gamete formation-applies when genes for2 are on diff pairs of homologous chromosomes/when they are far enough apart on the same chr as tho they're on diff

Question 10: Allele

Answer:

Any of the alternative versions of a gene that may produce distinguishable phenotypic effects.

Question 11: Chromosomes

Answer:

A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.

Question 12: Sexual Reproduction

Answer:

A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from both parents via the gametes

Question 13: Conserved

Answer:

In biology and genetics, conserved sequences refer to identical or similar sequences of DNA or RNA or amino acids

Question 14: Haploid (1n)

Answer:

A cell containing only one set of chromosomes. (n)

Question 15: Crossing Over

Answer:

The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis.

Question 16: Phenotype

Answer:

The observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup

Question 17: Meiosis

Answer:

A modified type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms consisting of 2 rounds of cell division but only one round of DNA replication. It results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as the original cell.

Question 18: Homologous Chromosomes

Answer:

A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess gene for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father, the other from the mom.

Question 19: Trait

Answer:

One of two or more detectable variants in a genetic character

Question 20: Gamete

Answer:

A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.

Question 21: Nondisjunction

Answer:

An error in meiosis or mitosis in which members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or a pair of sister chromatids fail to separate properly from each other

Question 22: Genetic Linkage

Answer:

Genetic linkage describes the way in which 2 genes that are located close to each other on a chromosome are often inherited