FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 7 EXAM

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 7 EXAM

QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -34 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Phylogenetic Tree

Answer:

A branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group of organisms

Question 2: Evolutionary Fitness

Answer:

how well a species is able to survive and reproduce in its environment. Charles Darwin outlined the mechanisms of how species change, by natural selection and sexual selection.

Question 3: Hardy-Weinburg Equilibrium

Answer:

no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection. If the assumptions are not met for a gene, the population may evolve for that gene

Question 4: Genetic Drift

Answer:

A process in which chance event cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next.

Question 5: Evolution

Answer:

Descent with modification; the idea that living species are descendants of ancestral that were different from the present-day ones

Question 6: Morphology

Answer:

the study of the size, shape, and structure of animals, plants, and microorganisms and of the relationships of their constituent parts. The term refers to the general aspects of biological form and arrangement of the parts of a plant or an animal.

Question 7: Biological Species Concept

Answer:

Definition of a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups.

Question 8: Null Hypothesis

Answer:

hypothesis that there is no significant difference between specified populations, any observed difference being due to sampling or experimental error.

Question 9: RNA World Hypothesis

Answer:

suggests that life on Earth began with a simple RNA molecule that could copy itself without help from other molecules.

Question 10: Ecosystems

Answer:

All the ecosystems in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment around them

Question 11: Founder Effect

Answer:

Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population and form a new population whose gene pool composition is not reflective of that of the original population

Question 12: Mutation

Answer:

A change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's DNA or in the DNA or RNA of a virus

Question 13: Divergent Evolution

Answer:

is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, leading to speciation

Question 14: Niche

Answer:

, in ecology, all of the interactions of a species with the other members of its community, including competition, predation, parasitism, and mutualism. A variety of abiotic factors, such as soil type and climate, also define a species' ____

Question 15: Fossil

Answer:

A preserved remnant or impression of an organism that lived in the past

Question 16: Bottleneck Effect

Answer:

Genetic drift that occurs when the size of a population is reduced, as by a natural disaster or human actions. Typically, the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population

Question 17: Isotope

Answer:

One of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass.

Question 18: Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer:

In the fossil record, long periods of apparent stasis, in which a species undergoes little to no morphological change, interrupted by relatively brief periods of sudden change.

Question 19: Gradualism

Answer:

the evolution of new species by gradual accumulation of small genetic changes over long periods of time

Question 20: Adaptive Radiation

Answer:

Period of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill different ecological roles in their communities

Question 21: Vestigial Structure

Answer:

A feature of an organism that is a historical remnant or structure that served a function in the organisms ancestors

Question 22: Migration

Answer:

A regular, long distance change in location

Question 23: Population

Answer:

A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same are and interbreed, producing fertile offspring

Question 24: Lineage

Answer:

sequences of biological entities connected by ancestry-descent relationships

Question 25: Cladogram

Answer:

a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species.

Question 26: Natural Selection

Answer:

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits