FREE CHEMISTRY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT ALL OF

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FREE CHEMISTRY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT ALL OF

CHAPTER 19 EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -25 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Hydroxide Ion

Answer:

A water molecule that loses a hydrogen ion and thus becomes negatively charged. Hydroxide ions are denoted OH-. (Do not conf. with hydronium ion)

Question 2: Ion Production Constant for Water

Answer:

The product of the concentrations of the hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water. It is denoted as Kw.

Question 3: pH

Answer:

the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration. pH=-log[H+]. Always express in scientific notation.

Question 4: Lewis Acid

Answer:

a substance that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond. Theory was founded by Gilbert Lewis.

Question 5: Conjugate Acid

Answer:

the particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion.

Question 6: Acid

Answer:

a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Chemical Formula usually HX(X = monatomic or polyatomic ion). Chemical formula = H+

Question 7: Self-Ionization

Answer:

the reaction in which two water molecules react to give ions (for water.) The reaction is written as dissociation.

Question 8: Basic Solution

Answer:

When the [H+] is less than the [OH-]. Thus, the [H+] of an acidic solution is always less than 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L. (don't mix up with Acidic)

Question 9: Triprotic

Answer:

any acid that contains three ionizable protons. An example is Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4). (conf.monoprotic and diprotic)

Question 10: Indicator

Answer:

a weak acid or base that undergoes dissociation in a known pH range. In this range the acid (or base) is a different color from its conjugate base (or acid).

Question 11: Acidic Solution

Answer:

When the [H+] is greater than the [OH-]. Thus, the [H+] of an acidic solution is always greater than 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L. (don't mix up with basic)

Question 12: Amphoteric

Answer:

a substance that can act as both an acid and a base. Water is amphoteric.

Question 13: Monoprotic Acid

Answer:

any acid that contains one ionizable hydrogen. An example is Nitric Acid (HNO3). (conf. diprotic and triprotic)

Question 14: Conjugate Acid-Base Pair

Answer:

two substances that are related by the loss or gain of a single hydrogen ion.

Question 15: Hydrogen-ion donor

Answer:

a compound that produces hydrogen ions in solution, is a hydrogen-ion donor, or an electron- pair acceptor. (Conf. Hydrogen-ion acceptor)

Question 16: Diprotic Acid

Answer:

any acid that contains two ionizable protons. An example is Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4). (conf. monoprotic and triprotic)

Question 17: Hydrogen-ion Acceptor

Answer:

a compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution, is a hydrogen-ion acceptor, or an electron-pair donor. (Conf. Hydrogen-ion donor)

Question 18: Bronsted's-Lowry's Theory

Answer:

the theory defines an acid as a hydrogen-ion donor. As well a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor. All of the acids and bases included in Arrenius theory are also acids and bases according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory.

Question 19: Svante Arrhenius's Theory (1887)

Answer:

Said that acids are compounds containing hydrogen that ionize to yield hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution. In addition he said, bases are compounds that ionize to yield hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution.

Question 20: Conjugate Base

Answer:

the particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion.

Question 21: Neutral Solution

Answer:

any aqueous solution in which [H+] and [OH-] are equal. For example pure water is a neutral substance.pH = 7.0 ([H+] = 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L)

Question 22: Hydronium Ion

Answer:

A water molecule that gains a hydrogen ion and thus becomes positively charged. Hydronium ions are denoted H3O+. (Do not conf. with hydroxide ion)

Question 23: Base

Answer:

a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Bases are named as if they were ionic compounds (the name of the cation followed by the name of the anion).

Question 24: Alkaline Solutions

Answer:

another name for a basic solution.

Question 25: Lewis Base

Answer:

a substance that can donate a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.