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FREE MCAT AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT MCAT NERVOUS
SYSTEM EXAM QUESTIONS
Qs and Ans Expert- Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -51 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert- Explanation
Question 1: medulla oblongata
Answer:
the lower portion of the brainstem
Question 2: pineal gland
Answer:
A small endocrine gland in the brain which produces melatonin
Question 3: spinal cord
Answer:
a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain, enclosed and protected by the bony vertebral column
Question 4: preganglionic fibers
Answer:
fibers from the CNS to the ganglion; found in the autonomic nervous system
Question 5: dura mater
Answer:
the tough and inflexible outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord; also known as the pachymeninx
Question 6: enteric nervous system
Answer:
the part of the nervous system that directly controls the gastrointestinal system
Question 7: neurons
Answer:
electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information
Question 8: action potential
Answer:
a spike of electrical discharge that travels along the membrane of a cell
Question 9: occipital lobe
Answer:
the visual processing center of the mammalian brain, containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex
Question 10: neural network
Answer:
refers to a network or circuitry of biological neurons
Question 11: neuromuscular junction
Answer:
the synapse or junction of the axon terminal of a motoneuron with the motor end plate
Question 12: bipolar cell
Answer:
a type of neuron having two extensions, which is a specialized sensory neuron for the transmission of special senses
Question 13: efferent nerves
Answer:
carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles or glands; also known as motor or effector neurons
Question 14: arachnoid mater
Answer:
One of the three meninges. It is interposed between the more superficial dura mater and the deeper pia mater
Question 15: limbic system
Answer:
the part of the human brain involved in emotion, motivation, and emotional association with memory
Question 16: mesencephalon
Answer:
the middle of three vesicles that arise from the neural tube that forms the brain of developing animals; also known as the midbrain
Question 17: pia mater
Answer:
the delicate innermost layer of the meninges
Question 18: autonomic nervous system
Answer:
the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, maintaining homeostasis in the body
Question 19: cerebellum
Answer:
a region of the brain that plays an important role in the integration of sensory perception and motor control, using constant feedback on body position to fine-tune motor movements
Question 20: neurotransmitters
Answer:
chemicals that are used to relay, amplify, and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell
Question 21: reflex arc
Answer:
the neural pathway that mediates a reflex action
Question 22: hypothalamus
Answer:
located just below the thalamus; links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland
Question 23: dopamine
Answer:
a phenethylamine hormone and neurotransmitter. as a hormone, it inhibits the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary. as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it activates five types of receptors and their variants
Question 24: ventricular system
Answer:
a set of structures in the brain continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord through which cerebrospinal fluid flows
Question 25: dendritic spine
Answer:
a small membranous extrusion that protrudes from a dendrite and forms one half of a synapse
Question 26: axon guidance
Answer:
describes the means by which neurons send out axons to reach the correct targets; also called axon pathfinding
Question 27: parasympathetic ganglia
Answer:
mostly small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia lying near or within the organs they innervate
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