FREE NURSING AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT

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FREE NURSING AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -83 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) - signs and symptoms

Answer:

epigastric vurning or aching pain; heartburn, N/V, weight loss or gain

Question 2: Digestion - Small Intestine

Answer:

bile emulsifies fat; pancreatic secretions; intestinal secretions, which digest fat, protein & carbs; absorbs nutrients; most digetion t akes place.

Question 3: Thrombus formation

Answer:

may form spontaneously usually b/c of stasis of blood or increased coagulabitlity of blood, or clot may from over an inflamed vein; Common in legs or pelvis. Piece of thrombus may break aways, an embolus to the heart of lungs (PE).

Question 4: Complete fracture

Answer:

bone is broken to form tow or more seperate pieces

Question 5: Toxic Hepatits

Answer:

direct exposure; incubation days to months; can be acute or chronic; caused by hepatotoxins

Question 6: Cholecystitis - signs and symptoms

Answer:

severe waves of pain on RUQ or epigastric area sometimes radiating to back & right shoulder, N/V, jaundice, belching, & bloating, clay colored stoolds, chills, fever, light-headedness

Question 7: Greenstick fracture

Answer:

common in softer bones in kids; shaft of bone is bent, teraing the cortical (outer layer) bone on one side but not extending all the way through.

Question 8: Hepatitis

Answer:

Infection from a group of viruses that target the hepatocytes: these include: hepatitis A (HAV ), HBV, HCV, HDV, & HEV. Liver cells are damaged by direct action of the virus or by cell-mediated immune responses to the virus. Liver necrosis results

Question 9: Baroreceptors

Answer:

pressure-sensitive nerve endings tha detect changes in blood pressure & alerts cardiac system.Located inwalls or aortic arch, atria of hearts, and carotid sinuses.

Question 10: Hepatits A (infectious)

Answer:

affects kids & young adults through fecal-oral & sexual contact (contamiated water & homosexual partners). Incubation pd of 2-6 wks.

Question 11: Depressed fracture

Answer:

broken section of skull forced inward of brain

Question 12: Lab values - AST

Answer:

• - 20 U/L (males); 81 - 40 U/L (females)

Question 13: Osteoclasts

Answer:

reabsorbs & removes old & damaged bone cells

Question 14: Simple fracture

Answer:

single break in bone & bone ends maintain alignment & position

Question 15: Cardia preload

Answer:

the stretch of ventricular muscle fiber @ the end of diastole; Cardiac output increases; reflected by ventricular pressure & volume @ the part of the cardiace cycle.

Question 16: Cholelithiasis

Answer:

the formation of gallstones (solid masses/calculi bile formation); Larger stones obstruct bile flow causing pain; inflammation /infection in the biliary may provide exaccerbate stone formation.

Question 17: Peptic Ulcer Disease

Answer:

"PUD" occurs primarily proximal deodenum, also stomach antrum and lower esophagus; usually appears as cavity penetrating sub-mucosa. Ulcers can penetrate and perforate mucosal wall.

Question 18: Duchenne's muscular dystrophy

Answer:

`X-linked recessive (only males); a metabolic defect, a deficit of dystrophin, a muscle cell membrane protein, leads to degeneration/necrosis of cell; skeletal muscle fiberas are replaced by fat/fibrous connective tissue; muscle funtions is lost

Question 19: Accessory Glands/Organs

Answer:

secretes 1000 mL of digestive enzymes daily; releases 2 hormones (secretin & cholecystokinin); secretes glucagon & insulin. Contain both endocrine and exocrine glands

Question 20: Oblique fracture

Answer:

one at the angle to the diaphysis of the bone

Question 21: Cirrhosis of the liver

Answer:

a condition demonstrating extensive diffuse fibrosis loss of lobular organization; regenerated hepatocyte nodules may be present; progressive disorder leading to liver failure; Pathophysiologic effects evolve loss of liver cell functions

Question 22: Multiple sclerosis

Answer:

progressive neuron demyelination (brain, spinal cord, & cranial nerves) affects all types of nerves throughout NS; MS is marged by remission/exacerbation until neural degeneration is irreversible

Question 23: Alzheimer's disease

Answer:

common form of demetia' changes in progressive cortical atrophy, which leads to dilated ventricles * widening of sulci, particularily in parietal & frontal lobes; deficit of ACh occurs

Question 24: Closed fracture

Answer:

skin is not broken

Question 25: Colles' fracture

Answer:

a break in distal radius at wrist, sometimes ulnar is damaged.