FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT AP PSYCH

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FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT AP PSYCH

6 EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -60 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: law of effect

Answer:

the idea that reponses that produced desirable results would be learned, or stamped into the organism

Question 2: positive punishment

Answer:

an aversive stimulus is added after a response. getting beat

Question 3: conditioned stimulus

Answer:

a neutral stimulus elicits a conditioned response. when the neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus (the tone means food in the dog's head hence the dog salivates)

Question 4: mere exposure effect

Answer:

learned preference for stimuli to which we have been previously exposed

Question 5: schedules

Answer:

programs specifying the frequency and timing of reinforcements

Question 6: what are the three types of learning

Answer:

conditioning, social learning, and cognitive learning. social and cognitive is how humans learn while animals mostly learn through conditioning

Question 7: negative punishment

Answer:

omission training. removal of a positive stimulus. taking away things like phone or tv

Question 8: cognitive maps

Answer:

mental rep of physical space

Question 9: primary reinforcement

Answer:

something naturally reinforcing. the item is reinforcing in and of itself. food, water, warmth, sex, basic survival stuff are primary reinforcements

Question 10: neutral stimulus

Answer:

any stimulus that produces no conditioned response prior to learning. it means nothing unless you learn it means something (the bell with the dog)

Question 11: continuous reinforcement

Answer:

every correct response is reinforced. giving a dog a treat every time it sits on command. susceptible to extinction

Question 12: positive reinforcement

Answer:

addition of a stimulus after a response. for example giving gifts, rewards

Question 13: unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Answer:

stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response (the drooling at the food--food is UCS)

Question 14: ratio schedules

Answer:

program where reinforcement depends on number of correct responses

Question 15: acquisition

Answer:

initial learning stage in classical condition during which the conditioned response comes to be elicited by the conditioned stimulus. a neutral stimulus is paired with unconditioned stimulus

Question 16: latent learning

Answer:

learning that occurs without visual proof until there is some reinforcement or incentive to demonstrate it.you sit and stare all semester in class and ace the midterm, there was no evidence you learned anything until you aced the midterm

Question 17: operant conditioning

Answer:

a form of behavioral learning where the probability of a response is changed by its consequences

Question 18: intermittnet reinforcement

Answer:

some, but not all, correct responses are reinforced. partial reinforcement. giving a dog every couple of tricks it does. resistant to extinction

Question 19: habituation

Answer:

learning not to respond to the repeated presentation of a stimulus

Question 20: reinforcers

Answer:

stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated

Question 21: punishment

Answer:

suppress behavior. does not teach new desirable behaviors. if the punishment is removed then negative behavior will most likely reoccur. you learn not to get caught

Question 22: reinforcement contingencies

Answer:

relationships between a response and the changes in stimulation that follow the response

Question 23: social learning theory

Answer:

people can learn new information and behaviors by watching other people. Known as observational learning (or modeling), this type of learning can be used to explain a wide variety of behaviors.

Question 24: drawbacks to punishment

Answer:

can stir unpleasant emotions that impose learning, may convey that its ok to punish others

Question 25: who came up with social and observation learning

Answer:

bandura

Question 26: chaining

Answer:

learning of a sequence of responses through shaping, to form a fomplex behavior. having the rat push the lever and pull a string

Question 27: consequences

Answer:

element that follows a behavior. basis of instrumental and operant conditioning. behavior is affected by types of consequences

Question 28: who is responsible for classical conditioning

Answer:

ivan pavlov