FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPER 9

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FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPER 9

VOCABULARY EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -32 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Cognitive Map

Answer:

a mental picture of spatial relationships or relationships between events.

Question 2: Conditioned Response (CR)

Answer:

the learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus.

Question 3: Negative Reinforcement

Answer:

increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs.

Question 4: Reinforcement

Answer:

stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the likelihood that the response will be repeated.

Question 5: Involve

Answer:

to contain or include something as a necessary element.

Question 6: Unconditioned Stimulus (US)

Answer:

an event that elicits a certain predictable response typically without previous training.

Question 7: Extinction

Answer:

the gradual dissapearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 8: Secondary Reinforcer

Answer:

stimulus such as money that becomes rewarding through its link with a primary reinforcer.

Question 9: Learned Helplessness

Answer:

condition in which repeated attempts to control a situation fail, resulting in the belief that the situation is uncontrollable.

Question 10: Latent Learning

Answer:

alteration of a behavioral tendency that is not demonstrated by an immediate, observable change in behavior.

Question 11: Process

Answer:

a series of actions or operations directed toward a specific end.

Question 12: Alleviate

Answer:

to ease or lessen pain or hardship.

Question 13: Shaping

Answer:

technique in which the desired behavior is "modeled" by first rewarding any act similar to that behavior and then requiring ever-closer approximations to the desired behavior before giving the reward.

Question 14: Unconditioned Response (UR)

Answer:

an organism's automatic (or natural) reaction to a stimulus.

Question 15: Obtain

Answer:

to get possesion of something, especially by making an effort or having the necessary qualifications.

Question 16: Demonstrate

Answer:

to show something clearly by giving evidence.

Question 17: Classical Conditioning

Answer:

learning procedure in which associations are made between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 18: Cognitive Learning

Answer:

form of altering behavior that involves mental processes and may result from observation or imitation.

Question 19: Operant Conditioning

Answer:

learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in corresponding increases or decreases in occurence.

Question 20: Avoidance Conditioning

Answer:

training of an organism to respond so as to prevent the occurence of an unpleasant stimulus.

Question 21: Primary Reinforcer

Answer:

stimulus that is naturally rewarding, such as food or water.

Question 22: Discrimination

Answer:

the ability to respond differently to similar but distinct stimuli.

Question 23: Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Answer:

a once-neutral event that elicits a given response after a period of training in which it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 24: Social Learning

Answer:

process of altering behavior by observing and imitating the behavior of others.

Question 25: Neutral Stimulus

Answer:

a stimulus that does not initially elicit any part of an unconditioned response.

Question 26: Token Economy

Answer:

conditioning in which desirable beavior is reinforced with valueless objects, which can be accumulated and exchanged for valued rewards.

Question 27: Escape Conditioning

Answer:

training of an organism to remove or terminate an unpleasant stimulus.

Question 28: Generalization

Answer:

responding similarily to a range of similar stimuli.