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FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT PSYCH
CHAPTER 5 EXAM QUESTIONS
Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -47 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation
Question 1: Reconditioning
Answer:
Process of relearning a conditioned response following extinction
Question 2: Negative reinforcement
Answer:
Strengthening of a response through the removal of a stimulus after a response occurs
Question 3: Phobias
Answer:
Excessive fears of particular objects or situations
Question 4: Law of effect
Answer:
Thorndike's principle that responses that have satisfying effects are more likely to occur, vice versa unpleasant effects are less likely to occur
Question 5: Learning
Answer:
A relatively permanent change in behavior acquired through experience
Question 6: Positive reinforcement
Answer:
Strengthening of a response through the introduction of a stimulus after the response occurs
Question 7: Fixed-interval (FI) Schedule
Answer:
Reinforcement is given only for a correct response made after a fixed amount of time has elapsed since last reinforcement
Question 8: Escape Learning
Answer:
An organism learns to escape an aversive stimulus by performing an operant response
Question 9: Skinner Box
Answer:
An experimental apparatus developed by
- F Skinner for studying relationships between reinforcement/behavior
Question 10: Insight learning
Answer:
Process of mentally working through a problem until the sudden realization of a solution occurs.
Question 11: Token Economy program
Answer:
A form of behavior modification in which tokens earned for performing desired behaviors can be exchanged for positive reinforcers
Question 12: Spontaneous Recovery
Answer:
Spontaneous return of a conditioned response following extinction
Question 13: Conditioned emotion response (CER)
Answer:
Emotional response to a particular stimulus acquired through classical conditioning
Question 14: Superstitious Behavior
Answer:
In Skinner's view, behavior acquired through coincidental association of a response and a reinforcement
Question 15: Fixed-ratio (FR) Schedule
Answer:
Reinforcement is given after a specified number of correct responses
Question 16: Reinforcer
Answer:
A stimulus/event that increases the probability that the response it follows will be repeated
Question 17: Shaping
Answer:
A process of learning that involves the reinforcement of increasingly closer approximations of the desired response
Question 18: Behavior therapy
Answer:
A form of therapy that involves systematic application of the principles of learning
Question 19: Variable-interval (VI) Schedule
Answer:
Amount of time must elapse before reinforcement can be given for a correct response is variable rather than fixed
Question 20: Avoidance learning
Answer:
The learning of behaviors that allow an organism to avoid an aversive stimulus
Question 21: Stimulus Generalization
Answer:
Tendency for stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response
Question 22: Latent learning
Answer:
Learning that occurs without apparent reinforcement and that is not displayed until reinforcement is provided
Question 23: (UR) unconditioned Response
Answer:
An unlearned response to a stimulus
Question 24: Cognitive map
Answer:
A mental representation of an area that helps an organism navigate its way from one point to another
Question 25: Secondary reinforcers
Answer:
Learned reinforcers, such as money, that develop their reinforcing properties because of their association with primary reinforcers
Question 26: Operant Response
Answer:
A responses that operates on the environment to produce certain consequences
Question 27: Programmed instruction
Answer:
A learning method in which complex material is broken down into a series of small steps that learners master at their own pace
Question 28: Observational Learning
Answer:
Learning by observational behavior, imitating the behavior of others
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