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FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT PSYCH
CH.18 SOCIAL EXAM QUESTIONS
Qs and Ans Expert- Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -35 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert- Explanation
Question 1: aggression
Answer:
any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
Question 2: attitude
Answer:
a belief and feeling that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
Question 3: equity
Answer:
a condition in which people recieve from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it
Question 4: ingroup
Answer:
"Us" - people with whome one shares a common identity
Question 5: normative social influence
Answer:
influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Question 6: social psychology
Answer:
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Question 7: cognitive dissonance theory
Answer:
the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent
Question 8: frustration-agression principle
Answer:
the principle that frustration - the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal - creates anger, which can generate aggression
Question 9: altruism
Answer:
unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Question 10: stereotype
Answer:
a generalized (sometime accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people
Question 11: passionate love
Answer:
an aroused state od intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
Question 12: foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Answer:
the tendency to people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Question 13: self-disclosure
Answer:
revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others
Question 14: GRIT
Answer:
Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction - a strategy designed to decrease international tensions
Question 15: companionate love
Answer:
the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
Question 16: social exchange theory
Answer:
the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
Question 17: social loafing
Answer:
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Question 18: outgroup
Answer:
"Them" - those percieved as different or apart from one's ingroup
Question 19: superordinate goals
Answer:
shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
Question 20: conformity
Answer:
adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Question 21: ingroup bias
Answer:
the tendency to favor one's own group
Question 22: deindividuation
Answer:
the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occuring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Question 23: group polarization
Answer:
the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through discussion within the group
Question 24: mere exposure effect
Answer:
the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
Question 25: social trap
Answer:
a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior
Question 26: fundamental attribution error
Answer:
the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition
Question 27: attribution theory
Answer:
the theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone's behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
Question 28: just-world phenomenon
Answer:
the tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
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