FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 4 AP

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FREE PSYCHOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT UNIT 4 AP

PSYCH EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -50 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Extrinsic Motivation

Answer:

-A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment

• Excessive reward can destroy intrinsic motivation with the overjustification effect

Question 2: Classical conditioning

Answer:

type of learning where we associate 2 stimuli and anticipate events after repetion

Question 3: Fixed Interval

Answer:

Reinforcement after a set period of time

Ex: Weekly Exam

Question 4: Conditioned Response (CR)

(learned)

Answer:

a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus (NS) but now a conditioned stimulus

Question 5: Partial

Reinforcement

Answer:

Reinforcing a response only part of the time Occurs more often in real life

Pro: resistance to extinction is greater

Con: Learning is slower to appear

Question 6: Instinctive Drift

Answer:

the tendency of learned behavior to gradually revert to biologically predisposed patterns

Question 7: Edward Thorndike

Answer:

• placed a cat in a puzzle box with food reward outside the box

-concluded that rewarded behavior is likely to reoccur and he called it law of effect

• reapted experment many times and observed that cats escaped from the box more quickly over

succsesi

Question 8: Higher Order Pairing

Also called second-order conditioning

Answer:

Higher Order Pairing Also called second-order conditioning

EX: Bell (CS) paired with black square (N)

Dog salivates at the black square (CS) alone

Question 9: Chaining

Answer:

Links separate behaviors

Ex: Obstacle course

Question 10: Extinction

Answer:

Dog stops responding to bell because food (US) is never paired with the bell (CS) after the initial learning

Question 11: Negative Punishment

Answer:

Take away something pleasant Omission training

Ex: Take away driving privileges

Question 12: Reinforcements

Answer:

Reinforcements = encourages behaviors to be repeated

Not one size fits all - what is reinforcing for one person/animal many not be to another

Ability to Use

Primary Reinforcement = ex: food, clothing

Secondary Reinforcement = ex: money, token econ

Question 13: Internal Locus of Control

Answer:

The perception that we direct and create our own fate

Question 14: Albert Bandura

Answer:

• 2016 U.S. National Medal of Science
• Pioneering researcher of observational learning
• Process of Modeling - learn by watching others
• Vicarious Reinforcements / Punishments
• Social Learning Theory
• The Bobo Doll Study

Question 15: Problem-Focused Coping

Answer:

Attempt to alleviate stress directly - by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor

Question 16: Variable Interval

Answer:

Reinforcement after an unpredictable length of time

Ex: Pop Quiz

Question 17: Shaping

Answer:

Reinforce steps to behavior

Ex: Brushing Teeth

Question 18: Punishment

Answer:

Punishment = Discourages a behavior

Question 19: Associative learning

Answer:

is linking two events that occur close together in time

Question 20: External Locus of Control

Answer:

The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal direction determine our fate

Question 21: What is Personal Control?

Answer:

Our sense of impaction and direction on our environment rather than feeling helpless Our belief in our level of control can determine our choice in coping responses

Question 22: Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

(learned )

Answer:

A previously (NS) that is paired with {US} and result,triggers a conditioned response.

Question 23: Unconditioned response {UR}

(not learned, natural response)

Answer:

naturally occurring response to the US

Question 24: B.F.Skinner

Answer:

Coined Operant Conditioning Focus on Reinforcements Skinner Box