FREE SCIENCE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT LIFE SCIENCE

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FREE SCIENCE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT LIFE SCIENCE

EXAM 1

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -47 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Researchers studied the relationship between stress levels/ colds.

Participants rated their stress levels before receiving nasal drops w/ a tiny amount of cold virus; they reported whether they developed a cold over the next few days. Stress levels are..

Answer:

The independent variable in the experiment (what is changing.)

Question 2: Which statement could be rejected using scientific observations?

Answer:

Female ducks spend more time with ducklings than male ducks do.Question 3: You want to know whether boys in high school are taller now than 50 years ago.You get height data from 30 boys at a local HS and records of 30 boys from 50 years ago. What might be the statistical reason that your conclusion is not stated more strongly?

Answer:

One group had a much higher standard error of the mean than the other

Question 4: Frankie and Corey are siblings. Frankie is a scientist trying to find a cure for the cold, and Corey works in an automobile repair shop. At last Sunday's family barbecue, a relative commented , "You know, you do similar kinds of work." What did he mean?

Answer:

Both test hypotheses systematically Question 5: Which of the following statements is an example of deductive reasoning?

Answer:

If vitamin C prevents colds, then people who take vitamin C should have fewer colds.

Question 6: Statistical vs. practical significance

Answer:

Statistical significance measures the likelihood that a result occurred by chance, while practical significance measures the result's real-world importance.Question 7: Why is it impossible to prove a scientific hypothesis entirely true?

Answer:

Alternative hypotheses always exist Question 8: Happy Village has a population of 300 people. A survey of 20 people attending a local dog show demonstrated that 18 of them (90%) wanted a Golden Retriever in the holiday parade. Which type of error should the mayor make sure has not occurred?

Answer:

Sampling error Question 9: Some researchers get financial benefits from companies. A study by a respected scientific journal found that 60% of articles in the news media don't mention this. Does this make you more/less confident that you get the "straight story" from the news?

Answer:

Less confident because there is a possibility of bias.Question 10: Terry's grandfather lived to the age of 88 and smoked more than a pack of cigarettes per day throughout his adult life. When Terry tells you this as a reason why "smoking doesn't really harm people," you reply with which of the following?

Answer:

"That's anecdotal, not scientific, evidence."

Question 11: Christina hypothesizes that cities are often located on rivers because rivers provide predictable water supplies. Which alternative hypothesis to Christina's original hypothesis could be rejected?

Answer:

Cities are often located on rivers because rivers can be found almost anywhere.Question 12: Why would a rat be an appropriate model organism to test a new treatment for human kidney disease?

Answer:

Rats are mammals with biological systems similar to humans.Question 13: A group of nurses has volunteered to participate in a study to test the hypothesis that high doses of vitamin D promote bone health. How could the research scientist reduce the possibility of alternative explanations?

Answer:

Assign individuals to the control or experimental group using a random number generator.

Question 14: Scientific method

Answer:

A systematic method of research consisting of putting a hypothesis to a test designed to disprove it, if it is in fact false.Question 15: Dr. believes that aloe vera cream heals wounds; her family has used it for generations. She does a study of this effect on patients at her dermatology practice. Which bias could occur, and what placebo-controlled study should she design to avoid it?

Answer:

Observer bias; double-masked

Question 16: A nonhuman organism used in research

Answer:

Model system Question 17: Several studies have shown that echinacea tea leads to a statistically significant reduction in the severity of colds. What does this statement mean?

Answer:

The reduction in cold symptoms probably did not occur by chance.

Question 18: Some believe that tea made from the Echinacea purpurea plant can reduce the symptoms cold. To study this, scientists divided participants into 2 groups: Group A, which drank the Echinacea purpurea tea, and Group B, which drank placebo tea. Group A is the

Answer:

Experimental group

Question 19: Hypotheses must be...

Answer:

Testable and falsifiable.

Question 20: Sampling error

Answer:

A statistical error that occurs when an analyst does not select a sample that represents the entire population of data; sampling errors arise bc sample sizes are limited. (It is impossible to sample an entire population in a survey or a census.) Question 21: Your diet is high in carbs, with white flour/ sugar. You read a study that shows a diet low in carbs like white flour/sugar, but high in veggie fat and protein, significantly reduces heart disease by 30%. What will you now do to stay healthy, and why?

Answer:

I will change to the vegetable fat/protein diet because the results are most likely practically significant.

Question 22: Standard error of the mean

Answer:

Measures how far the sample mean (average) of the data is likely to be from the true population mean

Question 23: Which type of information would be a primary scientific source?

Answer:

An article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal Question 24: Shantel observes that her friends who practice yoga seem to have more energy than her friends who do not practice yoga. Which prediction could be used when testing this hypothesis?

Answer:

If people practice yoga, then their energy levels will increase.