FUNDAMENTALS NCLEX RN EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

FUNDAMENTALS NCLEX RN EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

Mineral oil has been prescribed for constipation, and the nurse
teaches about administration of the mineral oil. Which statement by
the mother indicates that teaching was effective?
1.
"I will administer the mineral oil before each meal."
2.
"I will administer the mineral oil followed by a glass of warm water."
3.
"I will mix the mineral oil with a chilled drink before administration."
4.
"I will mix the mineral oil with 8 ounces of warm juice before
administration."
3. I will mix the mineral oil with a chilled drink before administration
Mineral oil is best tolerated when it is given chilled or mixed with cold
drinks. Mixing the oil with chocolate milk, blending it with ice cubes and fruit
juice, or chilling it helps to disguise the taste. Administering mineral oil
before meals would affect appetite
A client has been taking glucocorticoids to control rheumatoid
arthritis. Which laboratory abnormality is the client at risk for as a
result of taking this medication?
1.
Increased serum glucose
2.
Decreased serum sodium
3.
Elevated serum potassium
4.
Increased white blood cells
1. Increased serum glucose
Glucocorticoids have 3 primary uses: replacement therapy for adrenal
insufficiency, immunosuppressive therapy, and antiinflammatory therapy.
Exogenous glucocorticoids cause the same effects on cellular activity as
those of the naturally produced glucocorticoids; however, exogenous
glucocorticoids also may have undesired effects. The glucocorticoids
stimulate appetite and increase caloric intake. They also increase the
availability of glucose for energy. These combined effects cause the blood
glucose levels to rise, making the client prone to hyperglycemia.
Glucocorticoids can also lead to hypokalemia. The remaining options are
not expected effects of the use of glucocorticoids.
What is the priority nursing action when admitting a client who has
just attempted suicide?
1.
Ensure constant observation of the client at all times.
2.
Conduct a thorough mental health assessment of the client.
3.
Determine whether the client has ever attempted suicide previously.
4.
Remove all potentially dangerous articles from among the client's
belongings.
1. Ensure constant observation of the client at all times
The plan of care for a client with a serious suicide attempt must reflect
action that will promote the client's safety. Constant observation status
(one-on-one by the nurse) and never being less than an arm's length away
are the best interventions. While the remaining options are appropriate,
none have the priority at the time of admission.
A patient is brought to the emergency department (ED) by a friend.
The patient is unresponsive and respirations are slow and shallow. 

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