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1. Which artery provides the primary blood supply to the stomach?
 A. Celiac trunk
 B. Superior mesenteric artery
 C. Inferior mesenteric artery
 D. Gastric artery
 Answer: A. Celiac trunk
 Rationale: The celiac trunk is the major artery that supplies blood to the
stomach, spleen, and liver.
2. The enteric nervous system is responsible for which of the following
functions in the gastrointestinal tract?
 A. Blood pressure regulation
 B. Peristalsis and secretion
 C. Respiratory rate
 D. Thermoregulation
 Answer: B. Peristalsis and secretion
 Rationale: The enteric nervous system primarily controls peristalsis and
secretion within the gastrointestinal tract.
3. What is the significance of the portal venous system in relation to the
gastrointestinal tract?
 A. It carries nutrients directly to the liver for metabolism.
 B. It supplies oxygenated blood to the GI tract.
 C. It drains deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities.
 D. It regulates blood pressure within the GI tract.
 Answer: A. It carries nutrients directly to the liver for metabolism.
 Rationale: The portal venous system transports blood from the
gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver, carrying nutrients for
metabolism.
4. Which nerve innervates the majority of the abdominal viscera?
 A. Phrenic nerve
 B. Vagus nerve
 C. Hypogastric nerve
 D. Splanchnic nerve
 Answer: B. Vagus nerve
 Rationale: The vagus nerve innervates most of the abdominal viscera,
providing parasympathetic fibers to regulate digestive functions.
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