Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis Exam

Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis Exam
The nurse instructs a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis about
dietary modifications. The nurse determines that the client understands these dietary
modifications if the client selects which items from the menu?
a. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
b. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice.
c. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice.
d. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice.
The diet for a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis should include
controlled amounts of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids. Options 2, 3,
and 4 are high in sodium, phosphorus and potassium.
The client with chronic renal failure is scheduled for hemodialysis this morning is due to
receive a daily dose of enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse should plan to administer this
medication:
a. During dialysis.
b. Just before dialysis.
c. The day after dialysis.
d. On return from dialysis.
Antihypertensive medications such as enalapril are given to the client following
hemodialysis. This prevents the client from becoming hypotensive during dialysis and
also from having the medication removed from the bloodstream by dialysis. No rationale
exists for waiting an entire day to resume the medication. This would lead to ineffective
control of the blood pressure.
The client being hemodialyzed suddenly becomes short of breath and complains of
chest pain. The client is tachycardic, pale, and anxious. The nurse suspects air
embolism. The priority action for the nurse is to:
a. Discontinue dialysis and notify the physician.
b. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes for the next hour.
c. Continue dialysis at a slower rate after checking the lines for air.
d. Bolus the client with 500 mL of normal saline to break up the embolus.
If the client experiences air embolus during hemodialysis, the nurse should terminate
dialysis immediately, notify the physician, and administer oxygen as needed. Options 2,
3, and 4 are incorrect.

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