HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE EXAM

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HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE EXAM

QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -100 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: cancellous (spongy) bone

Answer:

found at ends of long bones and in vertebrae.less dense than compact bone, but has large surface area.

functional unit of it: Trabecula- holds red bone marrow

Question 2: Ribs

Answer:

The bones in the chest that protect the heart and lungs.12 pair

Question 3: skull

Answer:

22 bones (8 cranial, 14 facial)

only 1 movable joint: mandible (jaw bone)

Question 4: 3 layers of the heart

Answer:

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 5: olfactory membrane

Answer:

10 million to 20 million receptor cells embedded

Question 6: Bronchi

Answer:

• branches extend from L primary bronchi, 3 branches extend from R. (Corresponds to number of lobes)

Question 7: internal intercostal muscles

Answer:

lowers the rib cage during forced expiration

Question 8: appendicular skeleton

Answer:

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

Question 9: A Tissue is

Answer:

Group of cells that act together to perform specific functions

Question 10: Myocardium

Answer:

muscular, middle layer of the heart. Performs pumping function, made of cardiac muscular tissue

Question 11: Larynx

Answer:

between pharynx and trachea; voice box; made of:

epiglottis thyroid cartilage cricoid cartilage

Question 12: circulatory system includes

Answer:

heart, blood vessels, blood

Question 13: Trachea

Answer:

windpipe; made of fibrous and elastic tissues, smooth muscle, 20 cartilage rings

Question 14: Arteries

Answer:

carries blood away from the heart-largest is AORTA

Question 15: Ossification

Answer:

process of bone formation by osteoblasts

Question 16: Venules

Answer:

small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins

Question 17: descending aorta

Answer:

the descending part of the aorta that branches into the thoracic and abdominal aorta

Question 18: lumen

Answer:

space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood vessel-lined with endothelium

Question 19: Periosteum

Answer:

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.contains collagen fibers for anchoring holds stem and osteoblast cells necessary for growth and repair

Question 20: radius bone

Answer:

smaller bone in the forearm (lower arm) on the same side as the thumb

Question 21: iliac arteries

Answer:

descending aorta splits into this at L4-bring blood to pelvis and legs

Question 22: blood

Answer:

Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

Question 23: terminal bronchioles

Answer:

connect to alveoli, which is where gas exchange occurs

Question 24: Epiglottis

Answer:

A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering.

Question 25: Fibula

Answer:

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

Question 26: vital capacity

Answer:

The total volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation.

Question 27: Osteoclasts are

Answer:

cells that break down bone matrix.located on surface of bones help balance calcium levels