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HESI A2 A&P: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM EXAM QUESTIONS
Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -26 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation
Question 1: What occurs in the small intestine?
Answer:
Digestion and food absorption
Question 2: What enzyme does saliva contain?
Answer:
is contains amylase which starts the digestion of complex carbs
Question 3: What are accessory organs of the digestive system?
Answer:
liver, pancreas, and gallbladder
Question 4: What are some actions that the pancreas takes?
Answer:
contributes to water to dilute the chyme and bicarbonate ions to neutralize acid from the somtach
Question 5: What other functions does the stomach have?
Answer:
the stomach also stores food and regulates the movement of food in the small intestine
Question 6: What does the large intestine do?
Answer:
reabsorbs water and stores and eliminates undigested food Question 7: Where are amino acids and sugars derived from proteins are carbs absorbed?
Answer:
they are absorbed directly into the blood
Question 8: How is saliva produce?
Answer:
it is produced by 3 salivary glands, it lubricates and dilutes the chewed food
Question 9: What does the stomach do with bolus?
Answer:
the stomach muscle churns and mixes with the bolus of food, turning the mass into a soupy mass called chyme
Question 10: Where do the fats get absorbed?
Answer:
Most fats are absorbed directly into the lymph by the lacteal...which eventually are added to the blood stream
Question 11: What are three major regions of the small intestine?
Answer:
the duodenum, the jejunum, the ileum
Question 12: How is food ingested?
Answer:
It is ingested by the mouth where is is mechanically broken down by the teeth and the tongue in the process of mastication (chewing)
Question 13: What happens to food in the stomach?
Answer:
Food enters the stomach where the gastric glands secrete hydrochhloric acid breaks down the food
Question 14: What is the esophagus?
Answer:
It is narrow tub that goes from the pharynx to the stomach
Question 15: What do villi do?
Answer:
they greatly increase the surface area of the intestinal wall Question 16: What components act on the food once it enters the small intestine?
Answer:
Food is acted on by various enzymes from the small intestine and the pancreas and by bile from the liver
Question 17: What is formed from amylase?
Answer:
a ball of food called bolus
Question 18: What is the anus?
Answer:
the opening for defecation (expelling of stool)
Question 19: How does the food get from the pharynx to the esophagus?
Answer:
Constrictive muscles of the pharynx force the food down into the upper portion of the esophagus.
Question 20: What are the four main layers of the digestive tract?
Answer:
(inner to outer) the mucous membrane -> the submucous membrane -> muscular layer -> serous layer
Question 21: What bacteria can be found in the large intestine?
Answer:
intestinal (normal) flora
Question 22: Why do nutrients enter the hepatic portal vein?
Answer:
all nutrients enter this vein to be routed to the liver for decontamination
Question 23: What is the alimentary canal?
Answer:
Digestive tube that consists of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
Question 24: Do stomach and intestine increase surface area for digestion?
Answer:
YES, the mechanical breakdown of food breaks it down even further
Question 25: What are the five portions of the large intestine?
Answer:
the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and the rectum
Question 26: What do teeth do during mastication?
Answer:
teeth reduce ingested food material into smaller particles to increase surface area for chemical digestion
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