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Pediatrics Proctored Exam Remediation
Acute and Infectious Respiratory Illnesses: Recognizing Epiglottis
o Predictive signs: Absence of cough, drooling and agitation
o Tripod position
o Dysphonia; thick, muffled voice and froglike croaking sound
o Dysphagia
o Inspiratory stridor
o Suprasternal and substernal retractions
o Sore throat
o high fever
o restlessness
Acute Infectious Gastrointestinal Disorders: Priority Action for Acute Diarrhea
ï‚· Oral rehydration therapy
o Start replacement with an oral replacement solution of 75 to 90 sodium mEq/L at 40 to 50 mL/kg over
4 hr
o Determine the need for further rehydration after initial replacement
o Initiate maintenance therapy with ORS of 40 to 60 sodium mEq/L and limit to 150 mL/kg/day
 Give Oral rehydration therapy alternatively with appropriate intake
 Give infants water, breast milk, or lactose‑free formula if supplementary fluid is needed
 Older children may resume their regular diets for additional intake
o Replace each diarrheal stool with 10 mL/kg of Oral replacement solution for ongoing diarrhea
Acute Infectious Gastrointestinal Disorders: Precautions for Rotavirus
 Transmission: fecal‑oral
ï‚· Prevention measures: immunization
ï‚· Most common cause of diarrhea: less than 5 years of age
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