HESI PREP - HEALTH ASSESSMENT PRACTICE QUESTIONS

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HESI PREP - HEALTH ASSESSMENT PRACTICE QUESTIONS

EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -100 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation Question 1: 28. The nurse is assessing a 75-year-old man. As the nurse begins the mental

status portion of the assessment, the nurse expects that this patient:

• will have no decrease in any of his abilities, including response time.
• will have difficulty on tests of remote memory because this typically decreases with

age.

• may take a little longer to respond, but his general knowledge and abilities should not

have declined.

• will have had a decrease in his response time because of language loss and a decrease

in general knowledge.

Answer:

• may take a little longer to respond, but his general knowledge and abilities should not have declined.

Page: 72. The aging process leaves the parameters of mental status mostly intact. There is no decrease in general knowledge and little or no loss in vocabulary. Response time is slower than in youth. It takes a bit longer for the brain to process information and to react to it. Recent memory, which requires some processing is somewhat decreased with aging, but remote memory is not affected.

Question 2: 89. The nurse is auscultating the lungs of a patient who had been sleeping and notices short, popping, crackling sounds that stop after a few breaths. The nurse recognizes

that these breath sounds are:

• atelectatic crackles, and that they are not pathologic.
• fine crackles, and that they may be a sign of pneumonia.
• vesicular breath sounds.
• fine wheezes.

Answer:

• atelectatic crackles, and that they are not pathologic.

Pages: 429-430. One type of adventitious sound, atelectatic crackles, is not pathologic. They are short, popping, crackling sounds that sound like fine crackles but do not last beyond a few breaths. When sections of alveoli are not fully aerated (as in people who are asleep or in the elderly), they deflate slightly and accumulate secretions. Crackles are heard when these sections are expanded by a few deep breaths. Atelectatic crackles are heard only in the periphery, usually in dependent portions of the lungs, and disappear after the first few breaths or after a cough.Question 3: 42. The nurse is assessing an 80-year-old male patient. Which assessment findings would be considered normal?

• An increase in body weight from younger years
• Additional deposits of fat on the thighs and lower legs
• The presence of kyphosis and flexion in the knees and hips
• A change in overall body proportion, a longer trunk, and shorter extremities

Answer:

• The presence of kyphosis and flexion in the knees and hips

Page: 149. Changes that occur in the aging person include more prominent bony landmarks, decreased body weight (especially in males), a decrease in subcutaneous fat from the face and periphery, and additional fat deposited on the abdomen and hips. Postural changes of kyphosis and slight flexion in the knees and hips also occur.Question 4: 45. The nurse is providing care for a 68-year-old woman who is complaining of constipation. What concern exists regarding her nutritional status?

• The absorption of nutrients may be impaired.
• The constipation may represent a food allergy.

• She may need emergency surgery for the problem.
• The gastrointestinal problem will increase her caloric demand.

Answer:

• The absorption of nutrients may be impaired.

Page: 182. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation may interfere with nutrient intake or absorption. The other responses are not correct.Question 5: 94. The nurse is assessing a patient's apical impulse. Which of these statements is true regarding the apical impulse?

• It is palpable in all adults.
• It occurs with the onset of diastole.
• Its location may be indicative of heart size.
• It should normally be palpable in the anterior axillary line.

Answer:

• Its location may be indicative of heart size.

Page: 473 | Page: 492. The apical impulse is palpable in about 50% of adults. It is located in the fifth left intercostal space in the midclavicular line. Horizontal or downward displacement of the apical impulse may indicate an enlargement of the left ventricle.Question 6: 65. A mother asks when her newborn infant's eyesight will be developed. The nurse

should reply:

• "Vision is not totally developed until 2 years of age."
• "Infants develop the ability to focus on an object at around 8 months."
• "By about 3 months, infants develop more coordinated eye movements and can fixate on an

object."

• "Most infants have uncoordinated eye movements for the first year of life."

Answer:

• "By about 3 months, infants develop more coordinated eye movements and can fixate on an object."

Page: 284. Eye movements may be poorly coordinated at birth, but by 3 to 4 months of age, the infant should establish binocularity and should be able to fixate on a single image with both eyes simultaneously.

Question 7: 9. The nurse is conducting an interview in an outpatient clinic and is using a computer to record data. Which is the best use of the computer in this situation? Select all that apply.

• Collect the patient's data in a direct, face-to-face manner.
• Enter all the data as the patient states it.
• Ask the patient to wait as the nurse enters data.
• Type the data into the computer after the narrative is fully explored.
• Allow the patient to see the monitor during typing.

Answer:

• Collect the patient's data in a direct, face-to-face manner.

• Type the data into the computer after the narrative is fully explored.

• Allow the patient to see the monitor during typing.

Page: 32 The use of a computer can become a barrier. The nurse should begin the interview as usual by greeting the patient, establishing rapport, and collecting the patient's narrative story in a direct face-to-face manner. Only after the narrative is fully explored should the nurse type data into the computer. When typing, the nurse should position the monitor so that the patient can see it.Question 8: 63. During an assessment of an infant, the nurse notes that the fontanels are depressed and sunken. The nurse suspects which condition?

• Rickets
• Dehydration
• Mental retardation
• Increased intracranial pressure

Answer:

• Dehydration

Pages: 265-266. Depressed and sunken fontanels occur with dehydration or malnutrition. Mental retardation and rickets have no effect on fontanels. Increased intracranial pressure would cause tense or bulging, and possibly pulsating fontanels.