HLTH 230 BASIC HUMAN NUTRITION MIDTERM EXAM NOTES QUEENS UNIVERSITY

HLTH 230 BASIC HUMAN NUTRITION MIDTERM EXAM NOTES QUEENS UNIVERSITY
Nutrition
âž” The science of foods and the nutrients and other substances they contain, and their actions within the body
including ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism, and excretion
âž” Social, economic cultural, and physiological implications of food and eating
What are foods?
âž” Products derived from plants or animals that can be taken into the body to yield energy and nutrients for the
maintenance of life and growth and repair of tissues
Why do we make the food choices we make?
âž” Personal preference
o Taste/flavour
o Sweet, salty, & high fat foods are universally common
o Genetics
âž” Habit
o Easy – takes the thought out of eating
o Comforting
âž” Ethnic heritage or tradition
o Food can reflect certain country or region
o Traditional food is often enjoyed on holidays
âž” Social interactions
o Eating is very social
o Eat food that is offered to us
o Often eat more when socializing
âž” Availability, convenience, economy
o Eat more affordable, accessible quick and easy foods
o Rising food costs – more meals eaten at home. Buying less expensive store brands
âž” Positive and negative associations
o Like foods associated with happy occasions(hotdog at baseball game)
o Dislike foods associated with sickness or foods forced to eat (food poisoning)
âž” Emotions
o Some people don’t eat when upset
o Others eat when upset or bored (carbs and alcohol may seem to calm some ppl)
âž” Values
o Food choices can reflect religious, political, or environmental beliefs and views)
âž” Bodyweight and image
o Choose or avoid certain food and supplements they believe will help gain muscle, lose weight, or make
skin better
o Can often be unsupported fads from internet
âž” Nutrition and health benefits
o Choices that may help keep one healthy or benefit their health
o Functional foods
â–ª foodsthat contain physiologically active compoundsthat provide benefits beyond their nutrient
composition
• EX. Oatmeal – soluble fibre can help lower blood cholesterol
• EX. OJ with calcium – help prevent osteoporosis
o Phytochemicals
â–ª Non-nutrient compounds found in plant derived foods that have biological activity in the body
Foods Contain:
âž” Fibre, phytochemicals, pigment, additives, and alcohols
âž” Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water (6 classes of nutrients)