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1. A 35-year-old female client wants to lose weight and improve her
cardiovascular health. She has a BMI of 28 and a waist circumference of 88
cm. She reports eating three meals a day, mostly consisting of processed
foods, and snacking on sweets and chips in between. She drinks about two
liters of water a day, but also consumes soft drinks and coffee regularly. She
exercises twice a week for 30 minutes, doing moderate-intensity aerobic
activities. Based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2026, what is
the most appropriate recommendation for her dietary pattern?
a) She should follow a healthy vegetarian eating pattern, which emphasizes
plant-based foods and limits animal products.
b) She should follow a healthy Mediterranean-style eating pattern, which
emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fish, and
olive oil.
c) She should follow a healthy US-style eating pattern, which emphasizes
fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, low-fat dairy, and healthy oils.
d) *She should follow a healthy dietary pattern that meets her nutrient
needs, calorie goals, and personal preferences, while limiting added sugars,
saturated fats, sodium, and alcoholic beverages.*
Rationale: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2026 do not prescribe
a specific eating pattern, but rather provide general principles and examples
of healthy dietary patterns that can be adapted to individual needs and
preferences. The client should choose an eating pattern that suits her
lifestyle, culture, budget, and health goals, while following the key
recommendations of the guidelines. The other options are examples ofÂ
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