Laboratory Animal Technician summary with solutions

Laboratory Animal Technician summary with solutions
1. **How much of the research and development funds spent by colleges and universities
does the U.S. Government provide?**
 **Answer:** Approximately 2/3.
2. **What information is crucial when applying for grants to request funds?**
 **Answer:** A detailed description of research goals, scientific basis of the study, a review
of relevant literature, and an outline of all procedures to be performed.
3. **What is the difference between NIH and NSF?**
 **Answer:** NIH focuses on biomedical research for academia and federal agencies, while
NSF supports basic research in math, medicine, and biology.
4. **What does USDA stand for?**
 **Answer:** United States Department of Agriculture.
5. **What responsibilities does the USDA have?**
 **Answer:** Enforces and amends the Animal Welfare Act (AWA), oversees auction, sale,
transport, and research with animals, requires institutions to register, and conducts
unscheduled inspections yearly.
6. **What does FOIA stand for?**
 **Answer:** Freedom of Information Act – allows access to USDA’s inspection records.
7. **What is the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy?**
 **Answer:** Requires institutions receiving PHS or NIH funding to follow guidelines, file
an Animal Welfare Assurance document, and comply with all applicable laws, including the
AWA.
8. **What are the responsibilities of the FDA?**
 **Answer:** Ensures new drugs and medical devices are safe and effective, monitors drug
approval, and regulates human and veterinary drugs, food, and medical devices.
9. **What does GLP stand for?**
 **Answer:** Good Laboratory Practices – includes laboratory audits, inspections, and
requirements for quality assurance and standard operating procedures.
10. **Why are importation and transportation regulations important?**
 **Answer:** They protect humans and the environment from potential disease-carrying
organisms.
11. **Which agencies regulate importation?**
 **Answer:** CDC, USDA, and US Fish & Wildlife Service.
12. **What do institutional policies cover?**
 **Answer:** Facility operations, care and use procedures, veterinary support, and the
physical plant.
13. **What are Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) related to?**
 **Answer:** All aspects of animal care, personnel management, health surveillance,
equipment use, and investigator protocols.
14. **What are the functions of IACUCs, and who mandates them?**
 **Answer:** Mandated by AWA, PHS Policy, and the Guide; IACUCs review and approve
protocols for animal use, inspect facilities, and review programs every 6 months.
15. **What must happen before animal research can begin?**
 **Answer:** The principal investigator must provide written details about how animals
will be used, and the IACUC must review and approve all protocols.
16. **What decisions can the IACUC make?**
 **Answer:** They can deny permission to start or stop a research project and ensure
compliance with regulations by reviewing protocols regularly.
17. **What is AAALAC International?**
 **Answer:** A non-profit organization providing peer reviews of animal care programs,
requiring detailed applications, annual reports, and site inspections every 3 years.
18. **Why is it important to keep accurate, up-to-date records?**
 **Answer:** To ensure procedures follow standards, maintain environmental controls, and
improve facility efficiency.
19. **What is PHS Policy regarding record retention?**
 **Answer:** Institutions must keep assurance records related to grant applications and
research proposals for more than 3 years after project completion. 

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