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A 5-month-old child is given honey at breakfast and begins showing symptoms
consistent with botulism. Would the child's illness be classified as foodborne, infant or
wound botulism? - CORRECT ANSWER: Infant. Although food (honey) is consumed,
foodborne botulism is derived from improperly canned, low acid foods under anaerobic
conditions. Such conditions were not described. No puncture wounds or injuries were
described, ruling out wound. The child is suffering from infant botulism, as honey is a
potential carrier of clostridium. The intestinal track of young children is still developing
and clostridium is able to colonize and produce the associated toxin.
A facultative anaerobe is a microorganism capable of growth under what conditions?
(short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: A facultative anaerobe is capable of growth
under aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions
As Streptococcus is catalase negative would it thrive or die in the presence of
peroxides? Why? (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: Streptococcus would not
survive in the presence of peroxides—it is unable to breakdown peroxides (catalase
negative). Left unchecked, peroxides would damage the cellular integrity of Strep
causing lysis/cell death.
Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER: Adhesin factors are used to bind to a particular
host tissues
Chlamydia symptoms if left untreated - CORRECT ANSWER: Infertility and pelvic
inflammatory disease
Define commensal bacteria (short answer) (know term and definition first) - CORRECT
ANSWER: The bacterium neither harms nor benefits from the host from which it obtains
nutrients
Define the concept of universal precautions (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER:
Universal precautions means any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to
be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials
Describe the symptoms and treatment regimen for someone infected with Clostridium
pefringens (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: Clostridium perfringens presents with
muscle necrosis, swelling of infected areas, fever, and intense gas production.
Treatment entails removal of all infected tissue, often resulting in amputation of the
affected areas, in conjunction with heavy antibiotic therpies
Entry - CORRECT ANSWER: Mucus membranes are used to gain access to a hosts
tissues
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