NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONS

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NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONS

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -100 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: mixed cryoglobulinemia

Answer:

Often due to viral infection, especially HCV Triad of palpable purpura, weakness, arthralgia. May also have peripheral neuropathy and renal disease.Mixed IgG and IgA immune complex deposition vasculitis

Question 2: Friedriech ataxia

Answer:

presents with progressive bilateral limb ataxia and weakness, loss of deep tendon reflexes, pallhypesthesia, dysarthria, and skeletal deformities, Pes cavus (inverted feet), hammertoes, and kyphoscoliosis are typical skeletal deformities seen most common cause of death is heart failure due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or arrhythmia

Question 3: x descent

Answer:

JVP wave corresponding to downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid ventricular ejection phase reduced or absent in tricuspid regurge

Question 4: Williams Syndrome

Answer:

a genetic condition characterized by mental retardation in most regards but surprisingly good use of language relative to their other abilities, elfin facies Chromosome 7 assoc with supravalvular aortic stenosis

Question 5: RTA type 4

Answer:

Hypoaldosteronism or aldosterone resistance, leads to hyperkalemia and decreased NH4+ excretion Urine pH <5.5 but variable Causes: diabetic hyporeninism, ACEIs, ARBs, NSAIDs, heparin, cyclosporine; K+ sparing diuretics, nephropathy due to obstruction,

TMP-SMX

Question 6: Brugada syndrome

Answer:

-Autosomal dominant disorder affecting Na channels most common in Asian males.-ECG pattern of pseudo-right bundle branch block and ST elevations in V1-V3 (anterior ventricular septum) -inc risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac deatgh Prevent SCD with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).

Question 7: Corneal arcus

Answer:

Lipid deposits in the cornea. Common in the elderly, but appears earlier in life with hypercholesterolemia

Question 8: Culture negative bacterial endocarditis

Answer:

Coxiella Bartonella HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter/Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella)

Question 9: Tay-Sachs disease

Answer:

AR disorder of hexosaminidase A Accumulate GM2 ganglioside, onion skin appearance of lysosomes with whorled membranes Cherry red spot, developmental delay and death in early childhood NO HEPATOMEGALY, no recurrent pneumonia

Question 10: Mg sulfate

Answer:

for torsades de pointe, hypokalemia (can lengthen QT and cause torsades), and pre-eclampsia (prevent seizures)

Question 11: Struvite crystals

Answer:

coffin lids. nephrolithasis. urease-producing UTIs.

Question 12: phrenic nerve

Answer:

innervates the diaphragm and pericardium

Question 13: First degree AV block

Answer:

• PRI >5 boxes/.20 sec (200 msec)
• Fixed but prolonged PRI

(consistent but long)

• normally get bradycardia here

Question 14: Friedrich's ataxia

Answer:

GAA trinucleotide repeat expansion on chromosome 9 results in defective frataxin production, which is involved in the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters, in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. A deficiency of the protein causes iron to accumulate within cells, including in the heart, resulting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in pancreatic islets, causing diabetes, and in the spinal cord, causing neurologic dysfunction.

Question 15: Superior nasal meatus

Answer:

Drains the sphenoid and posterior ethmoid sinus

Question 16: Erythema multiforme

Answer:

skin disorder resulting from a generalized allergic reaction to an illness, infection, or medication

Question 17: Physiologic dead space (Vd)

Answer:

=(PaCO2-PeCO2)/PaCO2 apprx equal to anatomic dead space in healthy lungs

Question 18: Loffler endocarditis

Answer:

assoc w hypereosinophilic syndrome; histology shows eosinophilic infiltrates in myocardium cause restrictive/infiltrative cardiomyopathy with low voltage ECG

Question 19: Patent foramen ovale

Answer:

failure of septum primum and septum secundum to fuse after birth

Question 20: Fabry disease

Answer:

Accumulation of ceramide trihexoside The only X-linked recessive sphingolipidosis (more likely in males) and typically includes involvement of the eyes (e.g., cataracts, corneal clouding ).No cherry-red macular spots, hepatosplenomegaly, or recurrent pneumonia Furthermore, clinical features usually only start to develop during late childhood or early adolescence.