NCLEX PEDIATRIC NURSING TEST BANK EXAM WITH COMPLETE 100 Q&A’S WITH RATIONALES GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A+

NCLEX PEDIATRIC NURSING TEST BANK EXAM WITH COMPLETE 100 Q&A’S WITH RATIONALES GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A+
1. Which of the following should be included when developing a teaching plan to prevent
urinary tract infection? Select all that apply.
ï‚· A. Maintaining adequate fluid intake
ï‚· B. Avoiding urination before and after intercourse
ï‚· C. Emptying bladder with urination
ï‚· D. Wearing underwear made of synthetic material such as nylon
ï‚· E. Keeping urine alkaline by avoiding acidic beverages
ï‚· F. Avoiding bubble baths and tight clothing
Correct Answer: A, C, & F
Even with proper antibiotic treatment, most UTI symptoms can last several days. In women with
recurrent UTIs, the quality of life is poor. About 25% of women experience such recurrences.
Many cases of uncomplicated UTIs will resolve spontaneously, without treatment, but many
patients seek therapy for symptom relief.
ï‚· Option A: Fluid intake helps dilute urine and minimize infection potential. Even
without treatment, most UTIs will spontaneously resolve in about 20% of women;
especially if increased hydration is used. The likelihood that a healthy female will
develop acute pyelonephritis is very small.
ï‚· Option B: Void before and after intercourse (if sexually active). Sexual
intercourse is a common cause of a UTI as it promotes the migration of bacteria
into the bladder. Although there is no proof of prevention, women should urinate
after sexual intercourse because bacteria in the bladder can increase by ten-fold
after intercourse.
ï‚· Option C: Emptying the bladder fully with each urination prevents stasis. People
who frequently void and empty the bladder tend to have a lower risk of a UTI.
Frequent urination and high urinary volumes are also known to decrease the risk
of UTI.
ï‚· Option D: Children and teens should wear cotton underwear. The majority of
organisms causing a UTI are enteric coliforms that typically inhabit the
periurethral vaginal introitus. These organisms ascend the urethra into the bladder
and cause UTI.
ï‚· Option E: Keep the urine acidic. Urine is an ideal medium for bacterial growth.
Factors that make it less favorable for bacterial growth include a pH less than 5,
the presence of organic acids, and high levels of urea. Normal urine pH is slightly
acidic, with usual values of 6.0 to 7.5, but the normal range is 4.5 to 8.0. A urine
pH of 8.5 or 9.0 is often indicative of a urea-splitting organism, such as Proteus,
Klebsiella, or Ureaplasma urealyticum.
ï‚· Option F: Bubble baths and tight clothing may act as irritants. Vigorous urine
flow is helpful to prevention. Baths should be avoided in favor of showers. A
gentle, liquid soap should be used in bathing (such as Ivory or Dial) or a liquid
baby soap such as Johnson’s baby shampoo which is very acceptable for the
vagina.
2. Nurse Gloria questions the parents of a child with oppositional defiant disorder about the
roles of each parent in setting rules of behavior. The purpose of this type of questioning is to
assess which element of the family system?
ï‚· A. Anxiety levels
ï‚· B. Generational boundaries
ï‚· C. Knowledge of growth and development
ï‚· D. Quality of communication
Correct Answer: B. Generational boundaries
An important element in assessing the family system is determining if the parents establish and
maintain appropriate generational boundaries, establishing clear rules and expectations as part of
the parental role. Provide clear behavioral guidelines, including consequences for disruptive and
manipulative behavior.
ï‚· Option A: Although the parents may have anxiety regarding the role of parental
rule-setting, the nurse’s question is not adequate to assess the anxiety levels. Use
role-playing so he can practice ways of handling stress and gain skill and
confidence in managing difficult situations.
ï‚· Option C: Instruct patients on how to deal with a child’s demands. This might
include learning how to reinforce appropriate behaviors. Ways to bond more
strongly with the child should be encouraged.
ï‚· Option D: The question concerns the roles of the parents and the child in a rule
setting. It does not provide data regarding knowledge of growth and development
or communication quality. Identify abusive communication (e.g. threats, sarcasm,
and disparaging comments). Encourage the child to stop using them.
3. Which of the following is the most common permanent disability in childhood?
ï‚· A. Scoliosis
ï‚· B. Muscular dystrophy
ï‚· C. Cerebral palsy
ï‚· D. Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
Correct Answer: C. Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy is the most common permanent disability of childhood. It is a group of disabilities
caused by injury or insult to the brain either before or during birth, or in early infancy. A cerebral
palsy is a group of permanent disorders affecting the development of movement and causing a
limitation of activity. Non-progressive disturbances that manifest in the developing fetal or infant
brain lead to cerebral palsy.
ï‚· Option A: Scoliosis should not cause permanent disability. The prognosis of the
deformity is related heavily to the skeletal maturity of the patient as well as the
degree of deformity. Thoracic to sacral spine grows at approximately 2 cm per
year for the first 5 years of life and then 1 cm per year from ages 5 to 10 with 1.8
cm per year until maturity.
ï‚· Option B: Muscular dystrophy is a group of disorders that cause progressive
degeneration and weakness of skeletal muscles. The prevalence of muscular
dystrophy among the general population is 16 to 25.1 per 100,000. The most
common childhood muscular dystrophy is Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
ï‚· Option D: The long-term outcome of treated DDH is based on the degree of
dysplasia, the age of diagnosis and type of treatment, and whether a concentrically
reduced hip joint was obtained. If left untreated over a prolonged period, there
will be a gradual progression of functional disability and causes accelerated
osteoarthritis.

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