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NR-228 Nutrition, Health & Wellness Midterm Readiness Exam: Key Questions and Answers
The NR-228 Nutrition, Health & Wellness course offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between nutrition and overall health. As students prepare for the midterm examination, it is imperative to grasp the fundamental concepts and principles that underpin this field. Below is a curated selection of pertinent questions and their corresponding answers to facilitate effective preparation.
1. Which principle of a healthy diet suggests selecting a wide range of foods as represented by the USDA's MyPlate food plan?
- a) Variety
- b) Moderation
Answer: a) Variety
Explanation: The principle of variety emphasizes the importance of consuming a diverse array of foods to ensure a balanced intake of essential nutrients. The USDA's MyPlate food plan exemplifies this by categorizing foods into different groups, each contributing unique nutrients to the diet.
2. A nurse is educating a client with acute encephalopathy and ascites about an appropriate diet. The nurse determines that the education has been effective when the client selects which food option from the menu?
- a) Pancake with butter and honey and orange juice
- b) Grilled chicken with steamed vegetables and water
- c) Bacon and eggs with coffee
- d) Spaghetti with meatballs and soda
Answer: b) Grilled chicken with steamed vegetables and water
Explanation: For clients with acute encephalopathy and ascites, a diet low in sodium and protein is often recommended to manage fluid retention and reduce the burden on the liver. Grilled chicken with steamed vegetables and water aligns with these dietary guidelines.
3. Which nutrient is most likely increased in the diet when a client reports including fortified table salt?
- a) Iodine
- b) Vitamin D
- c) Calcium
- d) Iron
Answer: a) Iodine
Explanation: Fortified table salt is commonly enriched with iodine to prevent iodine deficiency, which can lead to thyroid-related health issues.
4. A nurse is caring for an older adult client with unexplained weight loss of 15 pounds over the past three months. Why are biomedical assessments prescribed to evaluate nutritional intake?
- a) To reflect the tissue level of a given nutrient
- b) To assess the client's food preferences
- c) To determine the client's caloric intake
- d) To identify potential food allergies
Answer: a) To reflect the tissue level of a given nutrient
Explanation: Biomedical assessments, such as blood tests, provide objective data on nutrient levels within the body, offering insights into nutritional status that may not be apparent through dietary recall alone.
5. Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention education strategy?
- a) Providing a client education to maintain optimal weight through exercise and nutrition
- b) Administering a vaccine to prevent influenza
- c) Prescribing medication to manage hypertension
- d) Rehabilitating a stroke patient
Answer: a) Providing a client education to maintain optimal weight through exercise and nutrition
Explanation: Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease by promoting healthy behaviors and environments. Educating clients on maintaining optimal weight through exercise and nutrition is a proactive approach to health.
6. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about strategies to avoid constipation. Which information identified by the client indicates a need for further education?
- a) Increasing intake of whole grains and whole grain products
- b) Drinking adequate fluids throughout the day
- c) Engaging in regular physical activity
- d) Consuming a diet high in processed foods
Answer: d) Consuming a diet high in processed foods
Explanation: A diet high in processed foods, which are often low in fiber, can contribute to constipation. Increasing intake of whole grains, drinking adequate fluids, and engaging in regular physical activity are effective strategies to prevent constipation.
7. Which of the following food choices is a reliable source of vitamin B12 for a vegan client?
- a) Tofu
- b) Almonds
- c) Spinach
- d) Fortified plant-based milk
Answer: d) Fortified plant-based milk
Explanation: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products. For vegans, fortified plant-based milks provide a reliable source of this essential nutrient.
8. A nurse is providing dietary information to the parents of a newborn who is being breastfed. Which statement by the parents requires additional instruction?
- a) "I will introduce solid foods at six months."
- b) "I will continue breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months."
- c) "I will give my baby rice cereal."
- d) "I will avoid giving my baby honey."
Answer: c) "I will give my baby rice cereal."
Explanation: Introducing solid foods, such as rice cereal, before six months is not recommended due to the risk of food allergies and insufficient digestive readiness. Exclusive breastfeeding is advised for the first six months.
9. Which of the following is a function of vitamin D?
- a) Bone mineralization
- b) Blood clotting
- c) Immune function
- d) Antioxidant activity
Answer: a) Bone mineralization
Explanation: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health by facilitating calcium absorption, thereby contributing to bone mineralization.
10. A nurse is caring for a client who is planning to get pregnant. The client states that their friend had a baby born with anencephaly and they want to know if there is anything they can do to prevent this from happening to their baby. The nurse should advise the client to ensure adequate intake of which nutrient?
- a) Folate
- b) Vitamin A
- c) Iron
- d) Calcium
Answer: a) Folate
Explanation: Adequate folate intake before and during early pregnancy is essential to prevent neural tube defects, such as anencephaly.
Conclusion
A thorough understanding of the principles and applications of nutrition is vital for the NR-228 Nutrition, Health & Wellness midterm
Below are sample Questions and Answers:
1. Which of the following is a key function of Omega-3 fatty
acids in nutrition?
a) Energy storage
b) Hormone synthesis
c) Regulation of inflammation
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) Regulation of inflammation
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce
inflammation, a function critical for managing chronic
diseases.
2. Which vitamin is crucial for calcium absorption in the
intestines?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
Answer: c) Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of
calcium, supporting bone health and development.
3. A deficiency in which of the following micronutrients is
most closely associated with anemia?
a) Zinc
b) Iron
c) Magnesium
d) Selenium
Answer: b) Iron
Rationale: Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin,
and its deficiency can lead to anemia.
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