NR 548 FINAL EXAM QNS AND ANS 2026/2027 (26pages)

Describe the compensated trendelenburg gait that occurs with hip pain - ANS ✔-Compensated trendelenburg gaitshifts GRFV *through* the painful hip joint to *stabilize* the joint and *decrease* torque -Without compensation, aBductor muscles have to contract against aDuction moment, which causes *compression* at hip joint % of people with Parkinson's disease have difficulty walking within 3 years of diagnosis - ANS ✔*85%* of people with Parkinson's disease have difficulty walking within 3 years of diagnosis % of people with MS experience mobility problems - ANS ✔*75%* of people with MS experience mobility problems % of people who have strokesregain community mobility - ANS ✔*50%* of people who have strokes regain community mobility Define *gait* versus *walking* versus *mobility* - ANS ✔-*Gait*: pattern of movement of the limbs during locomotion -*Walking*: one form of locomotion -*Mobility*: ability to safely and independently move from one point to another List 3 dimensions of the neural control of walking - ANS ✔1. *Sensory*: afferentinput 2. *Spinal cord*: central pattern generators 3. *Supraspinal*: corticalsystemsfor complex navigation (obsticles, etc.) to adapt gait pattern Define and describe the function of *central pattern generators(CPG)* - ANS ✔-*CPG* = network of neurons and inter-neurons in spinal cord -Generate coordinated movements autonomously -Modified by ascending and descending signals from cortex and the periphery Name two *ascending sensory inputs* that influence the stance-to-swing transition - ANS ✔-Hip