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Case Study: Physiology of Nerve Cells
 A patient is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a condition
characterized by the destruction of myelin sheaths
surrounding nerve fibers in the central nervous system.
Which of the following cells is primarily responsible for
producing myelin in the central nervous system?
 a) Astrocytes
 b) Oligodendrocytes
 c) Microglia
 d) Schwann cells
 Answer: b) Oligodendrocytes
 Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are the primary cells
responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous
system, whereas Schwann cells perform this function in the
peripheral nervous system.
Case Study: Sensory and Motor Systems
 A patient presents with a loss of proprioception and
vibration sense in the lower extremities following a spinal
cord injury. Which of the following ascending sensory
pathways is most likely affected by this injury?
 a) Spinothalamic tract
 b) Dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
 c) Spinocerebellar tract
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