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1. A 68-year-old male patient presents with a history of type 2 diabetes
and hypertension. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial
assessment?
 A. Fasting blood glucose
 B. 24-hour blood pressure monitoring
 C. Foot examination
 D. Eye examination
 **Answer: B.** 24-hour blood pressure monitoring is essential in
managing hypertension, which can significantly impact diabetes
management.
2. A patient with chronic kidney disease is at increased risk for which of
the following complications?
 A. Osteoporosis
 B. Anemia
 C. Hyperthyroidism
 D. Cognitive impairment
 **Answer: B.** Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney
disease due to reduced erythropoietin production.
3. In assessing a patient with suspected heart failure, which diagnostic test
provides the most valuable information?
 A. Chest X-ray
 B. Echocardiogram
 C. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
 D. Complete blood count (CBC)
 **Answer: B.** An echocardiogram can evaluate cardiac function and
structure, aiding in the diagnosis of heart failure.
4. Which immunization should be routinely administered to adults over 65
years old in primary care settings?
 A. Varicella vaccine
 B. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
 C. Pneumococcal vaccine
 D. Hepatitis B vaccine
 **Answer: C.** Pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for all adults
over 65 to prevent pneumonia and other pneumococcal diseases.
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