NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 4

NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 4
1. What is gastritis?
Answer
Inflammation of the stomach lining.The lining will be red and inflamed and irritated
2. What are the causes of gastritis?
Answer
Ingestion of irritating substances such a alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS, viruses and bacteria
3. What is GERD?
Answer
the back flow of gastric contentsinto the esophagusthrough the lower esophagealsphincter. The
inflammation occursfromthe reflex of highly acidic stomach acid that comes up.
4. What are the causes of GERD?
Answer
Any condition or agent that alters closure of the lower esophageal sphincter or increases in
abdominal pressure,fatty food, caffeine, large amounts of alcohol, smoking, pregnancy and
anatomical features like hiatal hernia
5. What are complications of GERD?
Answer
Barrett's esophagus where columnar tissue replaces normal squamous tissue in the distal
esophagus that carries a high risk for cancer. Progression can lead to ulcers and scarring.
Esophageal strictures, pulmonary symptoms such as cough, asthma and laryngitis from reflux in
breathing passages.
6. What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer disease?
Answer
epigastric burn- ing pain that is usually relieved by food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on
empty stomach but can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours after food and
is relieved by food).Can also be life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and
cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry stools and hematemesis.

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