NUR 280 Renal Quiz

NUR 280 Renal Quiz
1. The most recent assessment of a patient with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes indicates a
heightened risk of diabetic nephropathy.Which of the following assessment findings is most
suggestive of this increased risk?
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Hematuria
C. Microalbuminuria
D. Diabetic retinopathy:
Answer
Microalbuminuria Feedback
The increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that occurs in persons with early alterations in
renal function is associated with microalbuminuria, which is an important predictor of future
diabetic nephropathies.Hematuria is not directly suggestive of diabetic nephropathy, although it
is a highly significant assessment finding. Orthostatic hypotension and diabetic retinopathy are
not direct indicators of diabetic retinopathy.
2. As chronic kidney disease progresses, the second stage (renal insufficiency) is identified
by:
A. metabolic acidosis.
B. isotonic polyuria.
C. hyperparathyroidism.
D. diminished renal reserve.:
Answer
isotonic polyuria.
Feedback
Diminished renal reserve is characteristic of renal insufficiency, when labs remain normal and
renal insufficiency. Only the second stage, renal insufficiency, is characterized by polyuria that
is isotonic. Metabolic acidosis develops later as a result of the kidneys being unable to eliminate
hydrogen ions.Hyperparathyroidism occurs in kidney failure, as a compensatory change in
response to chronically low serum calcium and phosphate retention.

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