NUR 326 Exam 4

NUR 326 Exam 4
1. Hardening and plaque buildup of arteries and veins, *the leading cause of PAD.*
Answer
Atherosclerosis
2. Listsome clinical manifestations of PAD.
1. Paresthesia (Numbness or tin- gling in the toes or feet)
2. Thin, shiny taut skin.
3. Loss of hair on legs.
3. Diminished or absent pedal, popliteal or femoral pulses.
4. *Intermittent claudication*
5. Reactive hyperemia of foot with dependent position
6. Chronic
Answer
Rest pain
7. Cold, pale extremities
8. Longer capillary refill
3. Pain with exercise that is relieved by rest. If there is not a lot of blood flow to extremities,
especially while exercising, there is pain from hypoxia and a buildup of lactic acid. Classic with
arterial.
Answer
Intermittent claudication
4. Where are PAD ulcers commonly found?What do they look like? Is there drainage?
Answer
Tips of toes, foot, or *lateral* malleolus.
They are rounded, smooth, the hole usually looks "punched out". The edges are more
demarcated. There is minimal drainage. There is black eschar or pale pink granulation.The ulcer
may or may not be painful.
5. Are you more likely to need an amputation with PAD or chronic venous insufficiency?
Answer
PAD due to them not healing very well and gangrene occurring.

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