NUR 4445 Cardiovascular System
1. Ductus venosus
- Umbilical vein caries oxygenated blood
mother to infant
- bypasses liver
2. Ductus arteriosus
- Fistula allows blood from aorta and pulmonary artery to flow/mix oxygenated blood
- bypasses lungs
3. Foramen ovale
fistula allows blood to flow from R to L atrium
4. How does cardiac function differ in infants and children?
- Infants have a high heart rate to maintain cardiac output
- Around age 5 years, the heart muscles develop which makes the cardiac output less dependent
on heart rate
5. What is the order of assessment in children?
- Inspection
- Palpation & Percussion
- Auscultation
6. What are we inspecting in a cardiac assessment of a child (6)?
- Nutrition - FTT or poor weight gain?
- Color - cyanosis or pallor?
- Chest deformities
- Pulsations - jugular distention
- Respiratory effort
- Clubbing
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