NUR 4445 Respiratory System Exam 1

NUR 4445 Respiratory System Exam 1
1. What isthe primary cause of hospitalization and cardiopulmonary failure in children?
Answer
Respiratory dysfunction
2. At what age does the respiratory system fully develop? What do oxygen needs look like for
children and why?
Answer
- Respiratory system grows until age 12 years
- Consume more oxygen due to increase metabolic rate
- Short neck, can result in an occluded airway
3. What position optimizes a child's ability to breathe?
Answer
"sniffing position"
4. Why are children more at risk for respiratory dysfunction (11)?
Answer
- Small airways (trachea, lower airway)
- Fewer alveoli
- Nose, pharynx, & nasopharynx are also smaller
- Infants are nose breathers (until 4-6 months)
- Chest wall is soft & pliable
- Poorly developed respiratory muscles
- Immature immune system
- Hand-to-mouth activity
- Close contact with other children
- Preterm babies lack surfactant
- Decreased oxygen stores
5. What does skin color and respiratory effort look like in a child that is expe- riencing
respiratory distress?
Answer
- Color
Pale or cyanosis, especially periorbital
- Respiratory Effort
Retractions, nasal flaring,Cough,sputum (color &consistency), Position of the child (tripod)

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