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1. What are the four core principles of humanitarian action
and why are they important? (4 marks)
Answer: The four core principles of humanitarian action
are humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence.
Humanity means that human suffering must be addressed
wherever it is found, with respect for the dignity and rights
of all people. Impartiality means that humanitarian
assistance must be provided without discrimination based
on nationality, race, gender, religious belief, class or
political opinion. Neutrality means that humanitarian actors
must not take sides in hostilities or engage in controversies
of a political, racial, religious or ideological nature.
Independence means that humanitarian action must be
autonomous from the political, economic, military or other
objectives of any actor involved in the conflict or crisis.
These principles are important because they help to ensure
that humanitarian action is based on the needs of the
affected people and not influenced by external agendas or
interests. They also help to protect the safety and access of
humanitarian workers and to gain the trust and acceptance
of the local communities and authorities.
2. What are some of the main challenges and dilemmas
faced by humanitarian actors in complex emergencies? (6
marks)
Answer: Some of the main challenges and dilemmas faced
by humanitarian actors in complex emergencies are:
- The lack of security and protection for humanitarian
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