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1. A nurse is conducting a community health assessment in
a rural area of a low-income country. She notices that many
children under the age of five are suffering from
malnutrition, diarrhea, and respiratory infections. What is
the most likely cause of these health problems?
a) Lack of access to clean water and sanitation
b) Lack of immunization and preventive care
c) Lack of education and awareness
d) All of the above *
Rationale: All of these factors contribute to the high burden
of disease among children in low-resource settings. Lack of
access to clean water and sanitation increases the risk of
waterborne and fecal-oral diseases, such as diarrhea and
cholera. Lack of immunization and preventive care exposes
children to vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles
and polio. Lack of education and awareness limits the
adoption of healthy behaviors, such as breastfeeding,
handwashing, and seeking timely care.
2. A nurse is working with a refugee population that has
recently arrived in a high-income country. She observes
that many refugees are experiencing mental health issues,
such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD). What are some of the factors that
influence the mental health of refugees?
a) Pre-migration experiences, such as violence,
persecution, and displacement
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