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1. A 45-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and smoking
presents to the clinic with chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. He is
diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is admitted to
the coronary care unit. Which of the following interventions is most
appropriate for this patient to prevent further complications and promote
recovery?
a) Administer aspirin, nitroglycerin, morphine, and oxygen as prescribed.
b) Encourage the patient to quit smoking and reduce salt intake.
c) Provide education on the signs and symptoms of AMI and when to
seek medical attention.
d) Refer the patient to a cardiac rehabilitation program after discharge.
*Answer: a) Administer aspirin, nitroglycerin, morphine, and oxygen as
prescribed.*
Rationale: This is the most appropriate intervention for this patient
because it addresses the immediate needs of relieving pain, improving
blood flow, reducing cardiac workload, and preventing further clot
formation. The other options are also important for long-term health
promotion and disease prevention, but they are not as urgent or specific
to this patient's condition.
2. A 65-year-old female patient with a history of osteoporosis and
rheumatoid arthritis is seen in the clinic for a routine follow-up. She
reports that she has been taking calcium and vitamin D supplements,
doing weight-bearing exercises, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine. She
also says that she has been experiencing some side effects from her
medication for rheumatoid arthritis, such as nausea, abdominal pain,
and mouth ulcers. Which of the following actions is most appropriate for
this patient to prevent adverse effects and promote adherence to her
medication regimen?
a) Advise the patient to take her medication with food or milk.
b) Suggest the patient to switch to a different medication that has fewer
side effects.
c) Instruct the patient to stop taking her medication if she develops any
signs of infection or bleeding.
d) Monitor the patient's liver function tests and complete blood count
regularly.
*Answer: d) Monitor the patient's liver function tests and complete blood
count regularly.*
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