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1. What is the most common cause of COPD?
a) Smoking
b) Air pollution
c) Allergic asthma
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: A. Smoking is the most common cause of COPD,
accounting for about 80% of cases. Smoking damages the
airways and alveoli, leading to chronic inflammation and
airflow obstruction.
2. What are the main physiological changes that occur in
COPD?
a) Increased airway resistance and decreased lung
compliance
b) Decreased airway resistance and increased lung
compliance
c) Increased airway resistance and increased lung
compliance
d) Decreased airway resistance and decreased lung
compliance
Answer: A. Increased airway resistance and decreased lung
compliance are the main physiological changes that occur
in COPD. Airway resistance is increased due to
bronchoconstriction, mucus production, and airway
remodeling. Lung compliance is decreased due to loss of
elastic recoil, alveolar destruction, and pulmonary
hypertension.
3. What are the clinical manifestations of COPD?
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