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1.A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed rapid-acting insulin before
meals. The nurse knows that this type of insulin has which of the
following characteristics?
 - A) It starts to work within 15 minutes after injection and peaks in about
1 hour.
 - B) It starts to work within 30 minutes after injection and peaks at 2 to 3
hours.
 - C) It starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks in 8
hours.
 - D) It starts to work several hours after injection and works for about 24
hours.
 - Answer: A) It starts to work within 15 minutes after injection and peaks
in about 1 hour.
 - Rationale: Rapid-acting insulin is the fastest acting type of insulin,
which is suitable for controlling blood sugar levels during meal times. It
has a short duration of action, so it needs to be taken close to the time of
eating.
2.A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed a pre-mixed insulin that
contains both short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin. The nurse
instructs the patient to inject the insulin how many times per day?
 - A) Once, in the morning.
 - B) Twice, before breakfast and dinner.
 - C) Three times, before each main meal.
 - D) Four times, before each main meal and at bedtime.
 - Answer: B) Twice, before breakfast and dinner.
 - Rationale: Pre-mixed insulin is a combination of two different types of
insulin that can control blood sugar levels at meals and between meals. It
is usually taken twice a day, before breakfast and dinner, to cover the
periods of highest blood sugar levels.
- A patient with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the hospital with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse expects that the patient will receive which
type of insulin through intravenous (IV) infusion?
 - A) Rapid-acting insulin
 - B) Short-acting insulin
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