PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH

1

FOR

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH

By Lachel Story

Additional

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Cellular Function Chapter 2 Immunity Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function Chapter 4 Cardiovascular Function Chapter 5 Respiratory Function Chapter 6 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis Chapter 7 Urinary Function Chapter 8 Reproductive Function Chapter 9 Gastrointestinal Function Chapter 10 Endocrine Function Chapter 11 Neural Function Chapter 12 Musculoskeletal Function Chapter 13 Integumentary Function Chapter 14 Sensory Function

2

CHAPTER 1

QUESTIONS

• The movement of water or another solvent across the cellular membrane from

an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration is referred to as

• meiosis.
• osmosis.
• lysis.
• mitosis.

• Cells become specialized in their structure and function through
• proliferation.
• atrophy.
• differentiation.
• pinocytosis.

• Eradicating the disease is the goal of
• palliative treatment.
• all cancer treatment.
• prophylactic treatment.
• curative treatment.

• The fetus is most vulnerable to environmental influences during which period of

gestation?

• 10 to 15 days
• The first 30 days
• 15 to 60 days
• The first trimester

• Which form of cellular adaptation occurs because of decreased work demands

on the cell?

• Hypertrophy
• Hyperplasia
• Atrophy
• Metaplasia

• What are the sex chromosomes that a female has?
• Paired X chromosomes
• Autosomes
• One X and one Y chromosome
• Two Y chromosomes

3

• Which disorders are from an affected parent to an offspring regardless of

sex?

• Sex-linked disorders
• Fragile X syndrome
• Autosomal dominant disorders
• All of the above

• Gangrene is a form of
• caseous necrosis.
• liquefaction necrosis.
• coagulative necrosis.
• fat necrosis.

• The genetic information for a cell is contained in the
• nucleus.
• organelles.
• lipid bilayer.
• cytoplasm.

• The disease state of a neoplasm is
• apoptosis.
• atrophy.
• exocytosis.
• cancer.

• A possible teratogen is a(n)
• lipid bilayer.
• allele.
• infection.
• chromosome.

• How many chromosomes do we have?
• 23
• 46
• Several thousand
• About 3 billion

• Selective permeability allows free passage in and out of cells to
• enzymes.
• glucose.
• electrolytes.
• all of the above.

• Which type of cellular adaptation is undergone by the muscles of an extremity

that has been in a cast for a long period of time?

• Hypertrophy

4

• Metaplasia
• Dysplasia
• Hyperplasia

• Which tumors are usually undifferentiated?
• Malignant tumors
• All tumors are undifferentiated.
• Benign tumors
• Tumors with less anaplastic cells

• One cause of cell death is
• ischemia.
• apoptosis.
• necrosis.
• all of the above.

• Variations of a gene are known as
• alleles.
• autosomes.
• a karotype.

D. DNA.

• A form of cell division that occurs only in mature sperm and ova is
• mitosis.
• prophase.
• oncogene.
• meiosis.

• Which of the following diseases affects only females?
• Monosomy X (Turner’s syndrome)
• Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)
• Polysomy X (Klinefelter’s syndrome)
• Tay-Sachs disease

• A cancer patient’s likelihood for surviving a cancer is referred to as his or her
• remission.
• prognosis.
• carcinogenesis.
• grading.

• Metaplasia refers to which of the following?
• An increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
• Cell mutation into cells of a different size, shape, and appearance.
• An increase in the size of cells in an attempt to meet increased demand.
• The process of one adult cell being replaced by another cell type