PHA2026 Notes (Complete And Verified Study material) (130pages) LEARNEXAMS

Pharmacology considers: - Pharmacotherapy: o Drug-response relationship o Selectivity of action o Structure-action relationship Lecture 1 1. Define the terms pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics 2. Describe (with examples) the non-specific ways in which drugs can produce therapeutic effects 3. Discuss the four specific molecular targets of drug action 4. Explain the importance of selectivity and how drugs can produce unwanted effects ONE Pharmacodynamics: how the drug acts on the body - Non-specific o No targets o More side effects as it acts on a greater proportion of the system o Not efficient - Specific cellular targets o Majority of drugs o Binding to particular cellular components causes a response ▪ Involves: Van der Waal’s ▪ Hydrogen bonds ▪ Electrostatic interactions ▪ Covalent (irreversible) bonds o Molecular targets are usually proteins or DNA o Drug targets: ▪ Ion channels ▪ Enzymes ▪ Transport systems/carrier molecules ▪ Receptors • GPCR (Adrenaline= adrenoceptors/acetylcholine= muscarinic receptors) • Nuclear receptors (oestrogen=oestrogen receptors) • Ligand-gated ion channel receptors (tyrosine=tyro