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1. A patient with terminal cancer requests euthanasia from his doctor,
who is morally opposed to the practice. The doctor refers the patient to
another doctor who is willing to perform euthanasia. What ethical
principle is the first doctor following?
a) Autonomy
b) Beneficence
c) Non-maleficence
d) Justice
*Answer: a) Autonomy. The first doctor is respecting the patient's right
to make his own decisions about his end-of-life care, even if he disagrees
with them.*
2. A nurse notices that a colleague is frequently taking narcotics from the
hospital's supply and suspects that he is addicted to them. The nurse
reports the colleague to the supervisor, who initiates an investigation.
What ethical principle is the nurse following?
a) Autonomy
b) Beneficence
c) Non-maleficence
d) Justice
*Answer: d) Justice. The nurse is ensuring that the hospital's resources
are distributed fairly and that the colleague is held accountable for his
actions.*
3. A researcher conducts a clinical trial on a new drug for Alzheimer's
disease and obtains informed consent from the participants, who are
elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. However, the researcher
does not disclose that the drug has a high risk of causing severe side
effects, such as seizures and strokes. What ethical principle is the
researcher violating?
a) Autonomy
b) Beneficence
c) Non-maleficence
d) Justice
*Answer: b) Beneficence. The researcher is not acting in the best
interests of the participants and is exposing them to unnecessary harm.*
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