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1. Which of the following statements best describes
classical conditioning?
a) Learning based on the association between a neutral
stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.
b) Learning through the consequence of behavior.
c) The process of acquiring knowledge through observation
and imitation.
d) The strengthening or weakening of a behavior based on
its consequences.
Answer: a) Learning based on the association between a
neutral stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.
Rationale: Classical conditioning involves learning through
the association between a neutral stimulus and a naturally
occurring stimulus, leading to a conditioned response.
2. What is the primary function of the hippocampus in the
brain?
a) Regulating emotional responses.
b) Controlling voluntary movements.
c) Storing and retrieving long-term memories.
d) Maintaining homeostasis.
Answer: c) Storing and retrieving long-term memories.
Rationale: The hippocampus plays a vital role in
consolidating short-term memories into long-term
memories and retrieving them when needed.
3. Which of the following theories suggests that behavior is
influenced by observing and imitating others?
a) Classical conditioning theory.
b) Operant conditioning theory.
c) Social learning theory.
d) Cognitive psychology theory.
Answer: c) Social learning theory.
Rationale: Social learning theory states that individuals
learn behavior by observing and imitating others,
considering the influence of social factors on behavior.
4. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need
must be met before an individual can strive for selfactualization?
a) Safety needs.
b) Physiological needs.
c) Love and belongingness needs.
d) Esteem needs.
Answer: d) Esteem needs.
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that
esteem needs (e.g., self-esteem, recognition) must be met
before an individual can strive for self-actualization.
5. Which brain structure is responsible for regulating
emotions and processing emotional memories?
a) Hypothalamus.
b) Amygdala.
c) Frontal lobe.
d) Occipital lobe.
Answer: b) Amygdala.
Rationale: The amygdala is involved in processing and
regulating emotions, as well as consolidating emotional
memories.
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