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Question 1:
Mary is a 35-year-old woman who has been feeling sad, hopeless, and
worthless for the past two weeks. She has lost interest in her hobbies and
activities that she used to enjoy. She has trouble sleeping, eating, and
concentrating. She often thinks about death and suicide. She has no
history of substance abuse or medical conditions.
What is the most likely diagnosis for Mary?
A) Bipolar I disorder
B) Bipolar II disorder
C) Major depressive disorder
D) Persistent depressive disorder
Answer: C) Major depressive disorder
Rationale: Mary meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD),
which is a mood disorder characterized by at least one episode of
depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in most or all activities,
lasting for at least two weeks, and causing significant impairment in
functioning. MDD is also associated with other symptoms such as
insomnia or hypersomnia, appetite changes, fatigue, difficulty thinking or
concentrating, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of
death or suicide. Mary does not have any history or symptoms of mania or
hypomania, which are required for the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder or
bipolar II disorder. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is a mood
disorder that involves chronic low-grade depression that lasts for at least
two years, but it is less severe than MDD.
Question 2:
John is a 22-year-old college student who has been experiencing episodes
of extreme euphoria, increased energy, racing thoughts, and impulsive
behavior for the past week. He has been spending money recklessly,
engaging in risky sexual activities, and skipping classes. He also has
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