Test bank for ECGs Made Easy 7th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert Chapters 1 - 10

Test bank for ECGs Made Easy 7th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert Chapters 1 - 10

Chapter 01: Anatomy and Physiology
Aehlert: ECGs Made Easy, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The apex of the heart is formed by the .
a. tip of the left ventricle
b. tip of the right atrium
c. right atrium and right ventricle
d. left atrium and left ventricle
ANSWER: A
The heart’s apex, or lower portion, is formed by the tip of the left ventricle. The apex lies just
above the diaphragm, between the fifth and sixth ribs, in the midclavicular line.
OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart.
2. The left atrium receives blood from the .
a. pulmonary veins
b. aorta
c. pulmonary arteries
d. inferior vena cava
ANSWER: A
The left atrium receives freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs via the right and left
pulmonary veins.
OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each.
3. The anterior surface of the heart consists primarily of the .
a. left atrium
b. right atrium
c. left ventricle
d. right ventricle
ANSWER: D
The front (anterior) surface of the heart lies behind the sternum and costal cartilages. It is
formed by portions of the right atrium and the left and right ventricles. However, because the
heart is tilted slightly toward the left in the chest, the right ventricle is the area of the heart that
lies most directly behind the sternum.
OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart.
4. Blood pressure is determined by multiplied by .
a. stroke volume; heart rate
b. heart rate; cardiac output
c. cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance
d. stroke volume; peripheral vascular resistance
ANSWER: C
Blood pressure is equal to cardiac output multiplied by peripheral vascular resistance.
OBJ: Identify and explain the components of blood pressure and cardiac output.
5. The right atrium receives venous blood from the head, neck, and thorax via the , from
the remainder of the body via the , and from the heart via the .
a. coronary sinus; superior vena cava; inferior vena cava
b. superior vena cava; coronary sinus; inferior vena cava
c. inferior vena cava; superior vena cava; coronary sinus
d. superior vena cava; inferior vena cava; coronary sinus
ANSWER: D
The right atrium receives blood low in oxygen from the superior vena cava, which carries
blood from the head and upper extremities; the inferior vena cava, which carries blood from
the lower body; and the coronary sinus, which is the largest vein that drains the heart.
OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each.
6. The heart is divided into chambers but functions as a -sided pump.
a. two; four
b. three; two
c. four; two
d. four; three
ANSWER: C
The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The right and left sides of the heart
are separated by an internal wall of connective tissue called a septum. The interatrial septum
separates the right and left atria. The interventricular septum separates the right and left
ventricles. The septa separate the heart into two functional pumps. The right atrium and right
ventricle make up one pump. The left atrium and left ventricle make up the other.
OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each.
7. Stimulation of alpha1 receptors results in .
a. increased heart rate
b. peripheral vasoconstriction
c. constriction of bronchial smooth muscle
d. increased force of myocardial contraction
ANSWER: B
Alpha1 receptors are found in the eyes, blood vessels, bladder, and male reproductive organs.
Stimulation of alpha1 receptor sites results in constriction.
OBJ: Compare and contrast the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation of the heart.
8. Which side of the heart is a low-pressure system that pumps venous blood to the lungs?
a. Left
b. Right
ANSWER: B
The job of the right side of the heart is to pump unoxygenated blood to and through the lungs
to the left side of the heart. This is called the pulmonary circulation. The right side of the heart
is a low-pressure system.
OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each.
9. Which pside pof pthe pheart pis pa phigh-pressure psystem pthat ppumps parterial pblood pto pthe
psystemicpcirculation?
a. Left
b. Right
ANSWER: pA
The pleft pside pof pthe pheart pis pa phigh-pressure ppump. pThe pjob pof pthe pleft pheart pis pto
preceive poxygenated pblood pand ppump pit pout pto pthe prest pof pthe pbody. pThis pis pcalled
pthe psystemic pcirculation. pThe pleft pventricle pis pa phigh-pressure pchamber. pIts pwall pis
pmuch pthicker pthan pthe pright pventricle p(the pright pventricle pis p3 pto p5 pmm pthick; pthe
pleft pventricle pis p13 pto p15 pmmpthick).pThis pis pbecause pthe pleft pventricle pmust
povercome pa plot pof ppressure pand presistance pfrom pthe parteries pand pcontract pforcefully
pin porder pto ppump pblood pout pto pthe pbody.
OBJ: pIdentify pand pdescribe pthe pchambers pof pthe pheart pand pthe pvessels pthat penter por pleave peach

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