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For Medical Surgical Nursing 13th Edition
Chapter 1
1. An elderly patient has presented to the clinic with a new diagnosis of
osteoarthritis. The patient's daughter is accompanying him and you have explained why
the incidence of chronic diseases tends to increase with age. What rationale for this
phenomenon should you describe?
A) With age, biologic changes reduce the efficiency of body systems.
B) Older adults often have less support and care from their family, resulting in
illness.
C) There is an increased morbidity of peers in this age group, and this leads to the
older adult's desire to also assume the “sick role.”
D) Chronic illnesses are diagnosed more often in older adults because they have
more contact with the health care system. Ans: A Feedback:
Causes of the increasing number of people with chronic conditions include the
following: longer lifespans because of advances in technology and pharmacology,
improved nutrition, safer working conditions, and greater access (for some people) to
health care. Also, biologic conditions change in the aged population. These changes
reduce the efficiency of the body's systems. Older adults usually have more support and
care from their family members. Assuming the “sick role” can be a desire in any age
group, not just the elderly.
2. A patient tells the nurse that her doctor just told her that her new diagnosis of
rheumatoid arthritis is considered to be a “chronic condition.” She asks the nurse what
“chronic condition” means. What would be the nurse's best response?
A) “Chronic conditions are defined as health problems that require management of
several months or longer.”
B) “Chronic conditions are diseases that come and go in a relatively predictable
cycle.”
C) “Chronic conditions are medical conditions that culminate in disabilities that
require hospitalization.”
D) “Chronic conditions are those that require short-term management in
extendedcare facilities.” Ans: A Feedback:
Chronic conditions are often defined as medical conditions or health problems with
associated symptoms or disabilities that require long-term management (3 months or
longer). Chronic diseases are usually managed in the home environment. They are not
always cyclical or predictable.
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