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Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does
not. What is the outcome for their kids? Correct Answer:Â Â His
daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: Correct Answer:Â Â Autosomal: males
and females equally affected.
Dominant:
non-carrier parents
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Correct Answer:Â Â
The process of copying DNA in the lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides
(dNTPS), DNA polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR Correct Answer:Â Â 1. Denaturation:
DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2.
Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy
and add DNA polymerase. 3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA
polymerase, adding nucleotides building a new DNA strand.
Base Excision Repair (BER) Correct Answer:Â Â
How you repair a mutation. BER is used to repair damage to a base caused
by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is damaged and replace it. *BER
removes a single nucleotide*
DNA
glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
DNA
polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: Correct Answer:Â Â replication. DNA polymerase proofreads but
sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of the
nucleotides from the new DNA and DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead
of C-A)
Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? Correct Answer:Â Â When a base is mismatched due to errors in
replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes by and fixes it.
What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make
RNA? Correct Answer:Â Â TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the
individual nucleotides and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a
correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work.
What is needed for DNA replication? Correct Answer:Â Â DNA polymerase
Nonsense Mutation Correct Answer:Â Â
Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon Stop= nonsense because it
is no more.
Silent Mutation Correct Answer:Â Â Change in 1
nucleotide but codes for the same amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't change
the name of the protein
Missense Mutation Correct Answer:Â Â
Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a different amino acid.
Missense = mistake was made.
What happens during RNA splicing? Correct Answer:Â Â
During RNA splicing introns are cut out, the remaining exons are joined
together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. Correct Answer:Â Â
3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA
template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go
L-R with the complimentary letter.
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