WGU COURSE D398 INTRO TO

WGU COURSE D398 INTRO TO

PHARMACOLOGY TEST WITH ALL

ANSWERS GIVEN

Drug nStandards n- ncorrect nanswer-rules nset nto nassure nthat nconsumers nget nwhat nthey npay nfor, nthat nall npreparations nby nthe nsame ndrug nname nmust nbe nof nuniform nstrength, nquality, nand npurity

1906 nPure nFood nand nDrug nAct n- ncorrect nanswer-Prohibits nthe nsale nand ntransport nof nadulterated nor nmislabeled nfood, ndrinks nand ndrugs.Prohibits nthe nmislabeling nand nmisbranding nof nproducts.

1938 nFood, nDrug, nand nCosmetic nAct n- ncorrect nanswer-created nto nenforce nrules nsuch nas nlabeling, ndrug napproval nbefore nrelease, nand nwarning nlabels n(such nas n"may ncause ndrowsiness")

1970 nControlled nSubstances nAct n- ncorrect nanswer-established nthe nDrug nEnforcement nAgency n(DEA). nThis nact nset nstrict nstandards nfor nabused ndrugs nand nrequired nprescribers nto nregister nwith nthe nDEA. n, nwho nenforces nthe nlaws nincluded nin nthis nact.

controlled nsubstance n- ncorrect nanswer-A ndrug nthat nhas nthe npotential nfor naddiction nand nabuse

the nfive nschedules n- ncorrect nanswer-Schedule nI nincludes nsubstances nlike nheroin nthat nhave nthe nhighest nrisk nof nabuse nand nare nnot napproved nfor nmedical nuse nin nthe nUnited nStates.

Schedule nII nincludes npsychostimulants n(e.g., namphetamine) nand nopioid-based nmedications n(e.g., nmorphine) nthat nhave na nhigh nrisk nof nabuse nand ndependence nbut nhave naccepted nmedical nuses.Schedule nIII nincludes ncertain nbarbiturate nsedatives nand nanabolic nsteroids nwith nmoderate nto nlow nabuse nand ndependence nrisk.Schedule nIV nincludes nsedative nagents nlike ndiazepam nand nphenobarbital, nwhich nhave na nlow nrisk nof nabuse nand ndependence.Schedule nV nincludes ndrugs nused nfor nepilepsy, ncough nsuppressants, nand nantidiarrheal nmedications nand nhas nthe nlowest nrisk nfor nabuse nand ndependence.

What nis none nof nthe nfunctions nof nthe nU.S. nFood nand nDrug nAdministration n(FDA) nin nensuring nconsumer nsafety? n- ncorrect nanswer-Investigating nand nremoving nunsafe ndrugs nfrom nthe nmarket

drug nclasses n- ncorrect nanswer-help nwith nidentification nand nsafe nprescribing nof ndrugs nby nclassifying nthem ninto nspecific ncategories nbased non nhow nthey nact

three ndrug nidentifiers n- ncorrect nanswer-a nchemical nname a ngeneric nname a ntrade nname n(brand nname)

Parenteral n- ncorrect nanswer-injected nwith nneedles nor nsyringes, nthe nfastest nway nto nadminister ndrugs ninto nthe nbody nbecause nthey nbypass nthe nabsorption nstep nand nbegin nacting nimmediately

topical n- ncorrect nanswer-absorbed ninto nthe nbody nthrough na ncertain nbarrier nor nmembrane, nsuch nas nthe nskin, neyes, nlungs, nor nnasal npassages

Po nor nPer nos n- ncorrect nanswer-by nmouth

Bid nor nBis nin ndie n- ncorrect nanswer-Twice ndaily

C nor nCum n- ncorrect nanswer-With

Rx nor nRecipere n- ncorrect nanswer-Take

factor-label nmethod n- ncorrect nanswer-used nto nchange nthe nunit nof nmeasurement nfor na ngiven ndrug ndose, nwhich nallows na nprofessional nto nconvert na ndrug ndose nfrom none nsystem nto nanother. nThis nmethod nuses nequivalent nfractions, nwhere nthe ndenominator nis nalways none.

rights nof ndrug nadministration n- ncorrect nanswer-Right ndrug nor ndrug nform Right nclient Right ntime Right ndocumentation Right nroute Right ntechnique Right ndosage

sentinel nevents n- ncorrect nanswer-the nmost nsevere nerrors nthat nresult nin ndeath nor nsignificant nharm nto na nclient

The nfive nsteps nof nmedication nreconciliation n- ncorrect nanswer-1. ndevelop na nlist nof ncurrent nmedications

• ndevelop na nlist nof nmedications nto nbe nprescribed
• ncompare nthe nmedications non nthe ntwo nlists
• nmake nclinical ndecisions nbased non nthe ncomparison
• ncommunicate nthe nnew nlist nto nthe nappropriate ncaregivers nand npatient

Poison nControl nnumber nand nemail n- ncorrect nanswer-1-800-222-1222 nand naapcc.org

ages nat nmost nrisk nof nbeing npoisoned n- ncorrect nanswer-between nthe nages n1 nand n5

absorption n- ncorrect nanswer-how na ndrug nmoves nfrom nits nsite nof ndelivery ninto nthe nbloodstream nbefore nit ncan nact nin nthe nbody

NG n- ncorrect nanswer-nasogastric ntube

PR n- ncorrect nanswer-rectally n(per nrectum)

enteral nroutes n- ncorrect nanswer-routes nthrough nthe nGI ntract n(oral, nsublingual, nrectal, nnasogastric, nand nbuccal)

parenteral n- ncorrect nanswer-any nroute nother nthan nGI ntract n(injections)

non-parenteral n(stand-alone) nroutes n- ncorrect nanswer-sublingual, ntopical, ntransdermal, nophthalmic n(eyes), notic n(ears), ntransvaginal, ninhalation, nand nnasal nroutes nof nmedication nadministration

teratogenic n- ncorrect nanswer-effect nfrom nmaternal ndrug nadministration nthat ncauses nphysical ndefects nin nfetus

intravenous ninfusions n(IV) n- ncorrect nanswer-used nto nadminister nliquids, nreplacing nbody nfluids nor nmedications nin ncritical nsituations nby ninjecting ninto na nvein

Pharmacokinetics n(PK) n- ncorrect nanswer-the nstudy nof nhow nthe nbody nresponds nto nchemicals nover ntime. nIt nlooks nat nwhat nhappens nto nthe nmedication nas nit nmoves nthrough nthe nbody. nThe nfour nprimary nfactors nthat nPK nstudies nare nabsorption, ndistribution, nmetabolism, nand nexcretion n(ADME)

Distribution n- ncorrect nanswer-transferring nthe ndrug nfrom nthe nbloodstream nto nthe nbody's norgan ncells nand nfluids.

metabolism n- ncorrect nanswer-essential nto nunderstanding nhow ndrugs nwork nin nthe nbody, nphysiological nsystems nchemically nalter nmost nmedications nthrough nmetabolism ninto nmolecules nthat nexert nan neffect nand nthen nbecome neliminated nin nthe nbody. nThese nchemical nchanges nmainly noccur nin nthe nliver.

Excretion n- ncorrect nanswer-Process nby nwhich nmetabolic nwastes nare neliminated nfrom nthe nbody

Synergism n- ncorrect nanswer-interaction nbetween ntwo nmedications nin nwhich none naids nthe nother nto nachieve nan neffect nthat nneither ncould nproduce nalone

Potentiation n- ncorrect nanswer-the ninteraction nbetween ntwo nmedications nin nwhich none nprolongs nor nincreases nthe nother's neffects

Antagonism n- ncorrect nanswer-when none nmedicine nreduces nor ndiminishes nthe nimpact nof nanother

cardiac nglycosides n- ncorrect nanswer-medications nthat ncan nenhance nthe nforce nof ncardiac ncontractions nby nacting ndirectly non nthe nheart nmuscle. nIn nindividuals nwith nheart nfailure, ncardiac nglycosides nimprove ncardiac noutput nby nincreasing nthe npower nof nventricular ncontractions.

digoxin n(Lanoxin) n- ncorrect nanswer-a ncardiac nglycoside nused nto nenhance nheart ncontractions Side neffects: nirritability, ntremors, nseizures, ndouble nvision, nvisual nhalos, nand ninability nto nsleep

antiarrhythmic nmedicines n- ncorrect nanswer-comprise nseveral ndrugs nthat nsuppress nvarious nkinds nof nheart narrhythmias nin ndiverse nways

amiodarone n(Cordarone) n- ncorrect nanswer-An noral nand ninjectable nantiarrhythmic ndrug

Side neffects: ntremors, nnumbness, nvisual ndisturbances, nlung nscarring, nor

nthickness n(known nas npulmonary nfibrosis)

beta-blockers n- ncorrect nanswer-blood npressure-lowering nmedicine nand nfunction nby nblocking nthe nbeta nreceptors nin nthe nbody.

metoprolol n(Toprol) n- ncorrect nanswer-a nbeta nblocker

Side neffects: ndizziness, nfatigue, nconfusion, nlow nblood nsugar

calcium nchannel nblockers n- ncorrect nanswer-agents nthat ninhibit nthe nentry nof ncalcium nions ninto nheart nmuscle ncells, ncausing na nslowing nof nthe nheart nrate, na nlessening nof nthe ndemand nfor noxygen nand nnutrients, nand na nrelaxing nof nthe nsmooth nmuscle ncells nof nthe nblood nvessels nto ncause ndilation; nused nto nprevent nor ntreat nangina npectoris, nsome narrhythmias, nand nhypertension

amlodipine n(Norvasc) n- ncorrect nanswer-a ncalcium nchannel nblocker nto nlower nblood npressure

Side neffects: nedema n(swelling), nabdominal ndiscomfort, nand nheadache

Diuretics n- ncorrect nanswer-used nto ndecrease nblood npressure nby nhelping nrid nthe nbody nof nsalt n(sodium) nand nwater nthrough nincreased nurine.